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A comprehensive study of drugs and their effects on living systems, including the mechanisms of action, therapeutic uses, adverse effects, and interactions.
18. Best route in administering drugs that are poorly absorbed from the GI tract and for agents that are unstable in GI tract.
Administer antiemetics several hours before chemotherapy and for 12 to 48 hours after as prescribed.
Nitrofurantoin is contraindicated in clients with renal impairment.
6. The rate and extent to which an administered drug reaches the systemic circulation.
Antacids is used in clients with peptic ulcer disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Prostaglandin is used for:
When a drug is absorbed from the GI tract, it enters the portal circulation before entering the systemic circulation.
Before administering a bolus, the nurse should look up the maximum concentration recommended for the particular drug.
Medication used to treat psoriasis that is contraindicated in clients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
In client taking oral contraceptives, advise the client to use an alternate method of birth control when taking antibiotics.
Physician orders 1500 mg of liquid ibuprofen for a patient. Quantity of Ibuprofen is 500 mg in 1 cc, how much will you administer?
The process by which metabolites and drugs are eliminated from the body.
This site should be avoided when injecting vaccine in intramuscular route:
Instruct the client taking a corticosteroid not to stop the medication abruptly.
Enoxaparin
Monitor liver function tests when a client is taking a skeletal muscle relaxant because neurotoxicity can occur.
Which of the following is not included in atropine toxicity.
25. Which of the following is nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytic:
The main side effect of thrombolytic medication is formation of thrombus.
Cardiac glycosides produce a negative chronotropic action, which:
Magnesium sulfate is used for:
Skeletal muscle relaxant is indicated for clients with cerebral palsy.
BIRTH 1.
Which of the following damages HIV’s DNA interfering with ability control host DNA?
Supports body function until other treatments or the body’s response can take over.
21. Injected in tissue just below skin.
Vastus lateralis muscle is the recommended site of intramuscular injection in young adult.
A licensed health professional who prepares, dispenses and advises on medicinal drugs.
Which of the following is not a rapid acting insulin:
Mydriatics are should not be given in clients with glaucoma.
Magnesium sulfate is contraindicated in clients with myocardial damage.
Opioids analgesics is used for:
The following drug is used for moderate and severe dementia and Alzheimer’s disease.
10. Placement of drug under the tongue.
Nitrates are contraindicated in clients with:
Monitor for neurotoxicity with vincristine sulfate manifested as:
Antidiuretic hormones enhances reabsorption of water in the kidneys.
Cholinergic drug include Bethanechol chloride (Urecholine).
When applying eye drops, the nurse should instruct the client to apply pressure over the inner canthus next to the nose for 30 to 60 seconds following administration of the medication.
Penicillins and cephalosporins should be given separately with aminoglycosides.
Varicella vaccine protects against:
Famotidine (Pepcid) and nizatidine (Axid) can be administered with food.
9 MONTHS TO 1 YEAR 9.
Antigout medication should be used cautiously in clients with gastrointestinal disease.
When receiving positive inotropic and cardiotonic medications, the nurse should monitor for?
Adrenergic agonist is contraindicated in clients with:
1. Order: Client is receiving Erythromycin 750 mg, the stock on hand is 250 mg in 5 mL. How many ML should be given. (5 POINTS)
Client receiving magnesium sulfate intravenously, the nurse should call the health care provider if respirations are less than 12 breaths/min.
Pilocarpine
______________4. Keratolytics suppresses DNA synthesis, miotic activity, and cell proliferation.
Opioid analgesic
Which of the following is a sign and symptoms of Akathisia:
Returns the body to health.
Which of the following is a sign and symptoms of Parkinsonism:
II. Enumeration Give at least five rights in medication administration.
Mineralocorticoids are used for primary and secondary adrenal sufficiency in Addison’s disease.
In client taking glucocorticoids, the nurse should use this medication with extreme caution in clients with infections.
An acne product where it decreases androgen activity resulting in decrease production of sebum.
Cardiac glycosides
Clients taking bronchodilators, instruct the client to administer oral medication:
______________9. High-dose of anthralin (Dritho-Scalp, Psoriatec) may cause hypercalcemia.
Which of the following is benzodiazepine antagonist:
Bronchodilators are indicated in clients with emphysema and other restrictive airway disease.
The nurse should advise the client taking anticholinergic medication that antacid:
Metabolites is the product of biotransformation.
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) administration route is:
1 1/2 TO 3 1/2 8.
Which of the following is a sign and symptoms of dystonia:
The side effects of antineoplastic medication results from its effects in cancer cells.
______________8. Diclofenac sodium (Solaraze) is used in conjunction with blue light photoactivation in treating actinic keratosis.
4. It is the metabolic conversion of drug molecules to more water-soluble metabolites or less active form that are more readily excreted.
Tamoxifen citrate may cause impotence and gynecomastia in men.
Immunosuppressants suppresses the immune response and alter antibody formations.
When administering levodopa, instruct the client to avoid excessive vitamin B12 intake.
Bethanechol chloride (Urecholine)
May be carried out indefinitely until an order is written to cancel it.
When administering phenytoin intravenously, infuse no faster than 25 to 50 mg/min; otherwise, hypertension and cardiac dysrhythmias could occur.
An example of beta adrenergic blockers.
Typical antipsychotic medication is given in clients exhibiting alogia.
In nasal medication, the client is advised to blow their noses after the administration of nasal sprays.
Theophylline is a glucocorticoid medication.
12. Type of metabolites that does not have pharmacologic action.
Antitumor antibiotic medication, pulmonary toxicity can occur with:
Osmotic medication is used for emergency treatment of glaucoma.
Which of the following is not a withdrawal symptom of benzodiazepine:
Client taking alpha adrenergic blocker should be instructed to change positions slowly.
Offer sips of water before giving sublingual nitrates:
Dopamine decreases the myocardial contractility thus, improving cardiac performance.
Oder people who are taking sedatives require higher dosage due to decrease absorption of the drugs.
Benzodiazepines are contraindicated in clients with anxiety.
13. The time after administration when the body initially responds to the drug.
Ergot alkaloids is contraindicated in clients with the following except:
Promote a fluid intake of at least 2000 mL/ day.
Tocolytics produce uterine relaxation and suppress uterine activity.
Client taking antigout medication should be instructed to avoid foods high in purine.
Obtain a drug history before the administration of an opioid analgesic.
The dosage of a benzodiazepine should be tapered gradually over:
Client taking isoniazid should be instructed to monitor for tingling, numbness, or burning of the extremities because these are signs of hepatotoxicity.
16. Which of the following is not included in client teaching in medication administration?
Dexamethasone (Maxidex) should not be used for eye abrasions and wounds.
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is used to decrease pain and fever.
Topical glucocorticoids cannot be absorbed into the systemic circulation.
Inappropriate intake of a medication.
Which of the following is a sign and symptoms of tardive dyskinesia:
RhoGAM should be administered within 72 hours before potential or actual exposure to Rh-positive blood.
Give the rationale of the following nursing intervention for clients receiving medications for respiratory system. 2 points each.
Placement under the tongue allows a drug to diffuse into the capillary network and to enter the systemic circulations indirectly.
A medication mixed with alcohol, oil, or soapy emollient and applied to the skin.
The client receiving antineoplastic medication is instructed to use a soft toothbrush and electric razor to:
During the administration of positive inotropic and cardiotonic medications, the nurse should:
The therapeutic drug serum level of lithium is:
Inform the client using eye gel to store the gel at room temperature or in the refrigerator.
11. Type of metabolites that has a pharmacologic action.
An example of alpha adrenergic blockers.
Sodium nitroprusside should protect from light.
The nurse should advise the client taking cholinergic medication to take the medication as prescribe.
Unexpected or unique response.
Which of the following is not used to decrease extrapyramidal side effects:
Nursing intervention necessary for client receiving mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) include:
Magnesium sulfate
_____________10. Coal tar can stain the skin and hair.
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) is given orally.
Antitussives should not be administered to the client with a head injury or a postoperative cranial surgery client.
7. If magnesium sulfate is used for preeclampsia, it may be prescribed:
An aqueous solution of sugar often used to disguise unpleasant-tasting drugs.
Lithium has teratogenic effect during 3rd trimester.
Client receiving antineoplastic medication should initiate bleeding precautions if:
An antineoplastic medication that affect cells in any phase of the reproductive cycle.
When doing subcutaneous injection, the nurse should use z-track technique to avoid injecting the blood vessels.
Give the antidote of the following medications. 2 points each.
NSAIDs medication is included in antigout medication.
______________2. Acneiform eruptions is included also in systemic adverse effects of topical glucocorticoids.
For clients who are taking selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) should be administer with a snack or meal.
17. Tablet held between cheek and gum until dissolved.
Topical applications includes dermatologic preparations, installations and irrigations.
Montelukast, oral (Singulair) should be taken 1 hour before or 2 hours after meal.
______________1. Growth retardation is one of the systemic adverse effects of topical glucocorticoids.
Which of the following blood levels that needs to be monitored if the client is receiving Warfarin sodium (Coumadin):
9. It is a maintained concentration of a drug in the plasma during a series of scheduled doses.
Bethanechol chloride (Urecholine) is not given to a client who has a urinary stricture or obstruction.
Children receiving the Varicella vaccine should avoid aspirin or aspirin-containing products.
Anticoagulant is contraindication in clients with myocardial infarction and deep vein thrombosis.
3. This name describes the constituents of the drug precisely.
Neuromuscular blockers
Phenytoin (Dilantin) is used to treat partial and generalized tonic-clonic seizures.
BIRTH 2.
Cardiac glycosides produce a positive inotropic action, which:
If the client receiving immunosuppressants, flowers, plants, fresh fruit, and raw vegetables should be discouraged.
Varicella vaccine administration route is:
Which of the following is not a positive symptom of schizophrenia:
The onset of drug action in transdermal route is slower than oral route.
4. Specialist who often guides the primary care provider in prescribing drugs.
A flat, round, or oval preparation that dissolves and releases a drug when held in the mouth.
Clients taking anticoagulants should not take aspirin or NSAIDS.
Client’s positive and negative expectations can increase or decrease response of the drug.
Tincture of opium can be diluted with 15 to 30 mL of water for administration.
Spironolactone (Aldactone) is a:
Also known as one-time order is for medication to be given once at a specified time.
An example of calcium channel blockers.
The nurse should instruct the client not to use sodium osmotic with older adults or children.
The nurse should administer adrenergic agonist through a large vein.
Which of the following is not a short acting insulin:
A gelatinous container to hold a drug in powder, liquid, or oil form.
Fluorouracil (Adrucil) may cause alopecia, stomatitis, diarrhea, phototoxicity reactions, and cerebellar dysfunction.
Client taking anticholinergic has drug interaction in the following except:
Prolonged use of antibiotics can increase the client’s risk of superinfections, or secondary infections.
One of the fetal contraindications of tocolytics is the gestational age greater than 37 weeks.
An antineoplastic medication that affect cells only during a certain phase of the reproductive cycle.
The nurse should administer which medication in clients who developed anaphylactic reaction due to antineoplastic medications?
3. Tocolytics is used for:
Circadian and sleep cycles can also affect drug therapy.
Positive inotropic and cardiotonic medications are used for:
Acetaminophen
Which of the following symptoms of anaphylactic reaction due to antineoplastic medications.
Hypersensitive, life-threatening reaction.
Severe side effect or toxicity.
Clients receiving tocolytics should be positioned on her side.
Antithyroid medication is used for hyperthyroidism or Grave’s disease.
Give the rationale of the following nursing intervention for clients receiving medications for musculoskeletal system. 2 points each.
Edrophonium (Tensilon)
Dr. B. orders a liter of D5W to run this 8-hour shift. The drop factor is 15. What is the drip rate per minute?
Anticholinergic medication is also known as cholinergic-blocking agents.
Enteric coated medication can be crush and mix with food if the client has difficulty swallowing.
Mydriatics are contraindicated in clients with glaucoma because of the risk of decreased intraocular pressure.
Antineoplastic medication causes the slow destruction of cells, resulting in the release of uric acid.
Glucocorticoids are administered with caution in clients who have inflammatory respiratory conditions.
1 1/2 TO 3/12 MONTH 6.
Abrupt withdrawal of adrenergic blockers may lead to:
7. Which of the following factors influencing absorption is not included?
Instruct the client that cyclophosphamide, when prescribed orally, is:
Eye lubricant add moisture to the eyes.
Administer analgesic as prescribed to client’s receiving ergot alkaloids.
Opioid antagonist used to treat respiratory depression from opioid overdose.
14. The drug specific target usually a protein located on the surface of a cell membrane or within
Benzodiazepines should administer at no more than 5 mg/min intravenously to prevent bradycardia.
Skeletal muscle relaxant is contraindicated in clients with multiple sclerosis and brain attack.
Antitumor antibiotic medication, dysrhythmias can occur with:
Which immunomodulator slows tumor cell division?
Give the rationale of the following nursing intervention for clients receiving medications for urinary system. 2 points each.
Antihistamine is used for colds and rhinitis.
Client who are taking medication through sublingual route should be advised to keep the medication under the tongue until it is absorbed.
Thyroid hormones control the metabolic rate of tissues and decreases heat production and oxygen consumption of the body.
Which immunomodulator agents induce more rapid bone marrow recovery after suppression by chemotherapy?
Vaccines administered intramuscularly for children 36 months and older are best given in:
8. Most drug metabolites are eliminated in the:
Transdermal patch is applied to a hairless, clean area of skin that is subject to excessive movement or wrinkling.
In using sunscreens, products containing PABA need to be avoided by individuals allergic to benzocaine, sulfonamides, or thiazides.
1. Assigned by the United States Adopted Names (USAN) Council and is used throughout the drug’s lifetime.
Hepatotoxic medications are avoided with the use of androgens.
Client receiving Nifedipine (Procardia, Adalat, Nifedical) should avoid use or use cautiously with magnesium sulfate, to prevent which of the following?
______________7. Client who use Aminolevulinic acid (Levulan Kerastick) should protect the area from sunlight and bright indoor lights.
______________6. In using sunscreens, products containing PABA need to be used by individuals allergic to benzocaine, sulfonamides, or thiazides.
Transmucosal-buccal nitrates, the client should be instructed to:
19. Which of the following is an indication of anticholinergic medication.
Leukotriene increases bronchoconstriction caused by antigen and reduce airway edema.
Which of the following prevents conversion of HIV RNA into HIV DNA?
Prostaglandin is administered orally to induce labor.
The effects urinary tract antiseptics can also be use for infections outside the urinary tract.
Thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics should be used with caution in client:
TRUE OR FALSE
Monitor for petechiae, ecchymosis, bleeding of the gums, and nosebleeds.
PENTAVALENT VACCINE 4.
Monitor kidney and liver function studies.
Adrenergic agonist is for:
CNS depressants have a calming effect on children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and increase alertness and sensitivity to stimuli.
______________3. Organic (chemical) sunscreens absorb UV light.
Sympathomimetic medication is used to treat hypertension, heart failure and cardiac arrest.
Parasiticidal prevents worm growth and reproduction (for pinworms).
Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene, Thermazene, SSD Cream) systemic effects include leukopenia and interstitial nephritis.
Hepatitis A vaccine (HepA) administration route is:
Client receiving antineoplastic medication should avoid aspirin-containing products.
Aspirin should be discontinued 3 to 7 days before surgery.
Which of the following is not a typical cholinergic effect:
Replaces body fluids or substances.
For clients receiving tricyclic medications should be instructed to avoid alcohol and nonprescription medications.
MMR vaccine administration route is:
Glucocorticoids is intended for acute respiratory attacks.
Instruct the client about the need for contraception.
Instruct clients with diabetes mellitus using β-adrenergic blockers as an eye medication to monitor blood glucose levels frequently.
Clients receiving antiemetic should protect from injury.
Instruct the client taking anxiolytic medication to avoid alcohol and sedatives because:
Take anticonvulsants with food or milk but avoid alcohol.
A preparation like an ointment, but thicker and stiff, that penetrates the skin less than an ointment.
5. The time interval required for the body’s elimination processes to reduce the concentration of the drug in the body by one-half.
Aluminum hydroxide is used to treat hypophosphatemia.
In irrigation of the ear, the doctor may prescribe hydrogen peroxide solution.
Clients with asthma can use mucolytic agents to increase airway resistance.
The client receiving a laxative need to increase fluid intake.
Mannitol (Osmitrol) is a:
Buspirone effect takes 3-6 weeks, which is shorter than other anxiolytics.
Clients taking loop diuretics should be advised to:
Leukotriene modifiers should be used with caution in clients with impaired hepatic function.
Nasal decongestant can be use in client with allergic rhinitis and acute coryza.
Common complaint of clients taking an ACE inhibitor.
Antigout medications can increase desired effect by taking aspirin.
Streptokinase
Instruct the client taking amiodarone to use sunscreen and protective clothing.
Instruct the client taking lithium (Lithobid) to maintain a fluid intake of six to eight glasses of water a day and an adequate salt intake.
Requiring increase dose to achieve therapeutic effect.
PENTAVALENT VACCINE 3.
The antidote for hypertensive crisis in client taking MAOIs, is:
Dilates the pupils of the eye.
Benzodiazepines interact with other CNS medications, producing an additive effect. TRUE
Rectal route is considered topical application.
Give the rationale of the following nursing intervention for clients receiving medications for cardiovascular system. 2 points each.
Which of the following is not included in estrogen hormonal medications?
A concentrated form of a drug made from vegetables or animals.
Neuromuscular blockers is used with anesthetics during surgery to maintain muscle relaxation.
Instruct the client taking fluoxetine (Prozac) or bupropion (Wellbutrin) to take the medication early in the day.
Immunosuppressants used for the following except?
Cardiac glycoside is used in clients with cardiogenic shock.
Nursing intervention necessary for client receiving silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene, Thermazene,
20. Solution injected into intravascular compartment via a vein.
Sodium bicarbonate may cause milk-alkali syndrome.
Digoxin (Lanoxicaps, Lanoxin) is contraindicated in clients with:
Topical eye anesthetics are used for anesthesia for eye examinations and surgery or to keep foreign bodies from the eye.
Which of the following blood levels that needs to be monitored if the client is receiving Heparin sodium:
Cisplatin (Platinol-AQ) may cause:
Methenamine is recommended for acute urinary tract infection.
Early signs of digoxin toxicity present as:
______________5. Sunscreen should be reapplied every 30 minutes for increase protection.
Mexiletine may be administered with food or antacids.
Tricyclic antidepressant clomipramine (Anafranil) may be used to treat obsessive- compulsive disorder.
For clients taking MAOI, avoid administering the medication in the evening.
Diazepam (Valium) acts on the CNS to suppress spasticity and affect skeletal muscle directly.
High doses of oxytocin may cause hypotension, with:
Busulfan (Myleran, Busulfex) may cause:
Client taking prednisone should monitor glucose and serum potassium levels because it can cause hyperglycemia and hypokalemia.
In administering heparin injection, the nurse should massage the site of injection to hasten drug absorption.
Toxicity of alpha-adrenergic blockers is treated with:
2. The name under which a drug is listed in one of the official publications.
5. A scientist that researches new drugs.
In inserting rectal suppositories, the nurse should assist the client to a left lateral or left Sims’ position, with the upper leg flexed.
Leukotriene modifiers are contraindicated in breast feeding mothers.
Thrombolytic medication is contraindicated in clients with active internal bleeding.
If diarrhea is a problem, avoid hot foods and high-fiber foods.
Due to immaturity of liver and kidney function in older client, it may lead to accumulation of the drug in the body.
The vaccines should be stored on a center shelf and not on the door.
Meperidine hydrochloride (Demerol) and hydromorphone hydrochloride (Dilaudid) should not administered in early labor.
When using a bronchodilator inhalant in addition to the steroid inhalant, use the steroid at least 5 minutes prior to the bronchodilator.
In administering eye medication, instruct the client to read the medication labels carefully.
Sustained-released nitrates, the client should be instructed to:
Alpha adrenergic blocker should be taken with food or milk.
Cures a disease or condition.
Which of the following is not correct in magnesium sulfate?
If gold toxicity occurs, the doctor may prescribe dimercaprol (BAL in oil) to prevent gold excretion.
PENTAVALENT VACCINE 5.
Glucocorticoids should be used with caution in clients with diabetes mellitus.
The physician orders 500 mg of ibuprofen for a patient and you have 250 mg on hand. How many tablets should be given? ( 5PTS)
When a medication is intended for the trachea, bronchi, and/or lungs, it is inhaled through the nose.
Parasympatholytic medication is used in children and clients with narrow-angle glaucoma.
Medication used to treat psoriasis that is contraindicated during pregnancy.
Toxicities and overdose by the oral route may be overcome with antidotes, such as activated charcoal.
Metered-dose inhaler (MDI) is a handheld nebulizer that can be used by the client to release the medication through a mouthpiece.
Clients receiving translingual nitrates (spray), the client should be instructed to:
22. An aerosol generator that converts liquid drug solutions or suspensions into aerosol and is powered by compressed air, oxygen, a compressor, or an electrically powered device.
Immunomodulators stimulates the immune system to recognize cancer cells and take action to eliminate or destroy them.
The client with HIV or AIDS is at high risk for the development of:
MMR vaccine protects against measles, mumps, and rubella.
The best route in allergy testing and tuberculosis screening is intradermal route.
Sulfonamides is contraindicated in children younger than 2 years.
If the client decides to discontinue the contraceptive to become pregnant, recommend that the client use an alternative form of birth control for 2 months after discontinuation.
Vaccines administered intramuscularly in infants are best given in:
3 1/2 MONTH 7.
9. Which of the following is not an indication of prostaglandin?
Furosemide (Lasix) is a:
Bethanechol chloride is give only by:
19. These routes have the highest bioavailability and not subject to first-pass metabolism or harsh GI environment.
Psychological/physiological need to take a medication.
Phenytoin decreases the effectiveness of some birth control pills and can have teratogenic effects if taken during pregnancy.
15. The pharmacologic effects when the drug produces the same type of response as the physiological or endogenous substance.
Atypical new generation medication decreases effects of dopamine serotonin and/or norepinephrine at neural membranes.
Magnesium sulfate is used with caution in clients with:
Bile acid sequestrants should use cautiously in clients with suspected bowel obstruction or severe constipation.
Cimetidine (Tagamet) passes the blood-brain barrier.
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