Fundamentals of Nursing Practice

This statistics increases to about ________________ because of their old age, susceptibility, chronic medical status, and cognitive impairments.

• 75% of nursing home residents

Nursing as a health care science, focuses on serving the needs of human as a _____ and spiritual being.

• biopsychosocial

Nurses and midwives work within teams and should _____ the skills, expertise and contributions from all colleagues.

• respect

By helping to synthesize and absorb ___________, the integumentary system works with the digestive system to encourage the uptake of calcium from our diet.

• vitamin D

_______________ is being able to give an account of one’s judgement, actions and omissions.

• Accountability

It involves applying the strictest rules to minimize the risk of infection.

• TECHNIQUE

Male clients often want a ______________ once a day or once every couple of days.

• facial shave

These are practices that meet and respect cultural needs and differences.

• Culturally Appropriate

Such as using a regular phone, mobile phone, email, or the Internet

• Basic communication skills

The state of having a fever.

• Pyrexia

Good communication also is not only based on the physical abilities of nurses, but also on _____ and experience.

• education

This is a detailed document of the research project including rationale and background information, objectives, methodology, statistical considerations and other support for the project including funds, links and/or collaboration with other researchers or institutions.

• Research Protocol

Nurses should devote time to the patient to communicate with the necessary confidentiality, and must not forget that this communication includes persons who surround the sick person, which is why the language of communication should be understood by all those involved in it.

• True
• False

Store water and ______________.

• fat

When clients prefer to shower or tub bathe rather than take a bed bath, they will often need assistance getting in and out of the _____ or tub to prevent a fall and injury.

• shower

Help dispose of _____________.

• waste materials

This is the the equal access to wealth, health and well-being within society.

• Social Justice

Report to their superiors or _____ if they believe that the health, professional competence or conduct of a colleague will compromise public safety or bring the profession into disrepute.

• regulatory authority

As the nurse is assessing the client's ability to perform hygiene measures, they compare the client's actual performance with established standards relating to these tasks and, then, they may educate the client about the proper methods of performing the particular task, including safety measures and the use of _____ to facilitate their self care hygiene.

• assistive devices

Protect the body's _______________ and organs.

• internal living tissues

Protect the body against abrupt changes in ________________.

• temperature

This refers to the relationship between a nurse/midwife with their patient and their informal carers which is established to bring beneficial outcomes to the client.

• Therapeutic Relationship

_____ protect the patient from the transfer of pathogens from a healthcare worker, from the environment, or from both.

• Barriers

An abnormal passageway between an artery and vein.

• Arteriovenous fistulas

The ability to make appropriate food and clothing purchase decisions

• Shopping

The _____ with the patients, families and communities provides nurses and midwives with valuable knowledge of health needs within the society.

• close interaction

The skin and other parts of the integumentary system work with other systems in your body to maintain and support the _________________ that your cells, tissues, and organs need to function properly.

• conditions

Working _____ should contribute to high standards of care and to professional satisfaction.

• conditions

Like physical assessment, the bath is given from _______________.

• head to toe.

_____ practice involves the oral communication of public health officials and nurses on the one hand and the patient or his relatives on the other.

• Therapeutic

Clients in need of assistive devices and other _______________ to insure safety and/or maximum independence should be instructed on their proper use and reminded to use them consistently.

• adaptations

Bathing is the _____ level defense against infection, and it also promotes good circulation and client comfort.

• first

The _____ conveys their fears and concerns to their nurse and helps them make a correct nursing diagnosis.

• patient

________________ are maintained after a patient's death when providing postmortem care.

• Standard precautions

Meal planning, cooking, clean up, storage, and the ability to safely use kitchen equipment and utensils

• Meal preparation

Diabetics and other patients at risk for infections should get _________________ and monitoring.

• special foot and toe nail care

To protect patients from harmful bacteria and other _____ during medical procedures, healthcare providers use aseptic technique.

• pathogens

______________ put a person, especially adults and older adults, at risk of serious injury.

• Falls

This refers to body temperatures that fall below normal range.

• Hypothermia

Moving oneself from seated to standing, getting in and out of bed, and the ability to walk independently from one location to another

• Transferring/Mobility

The volume of blood that is ejected by the left ventricle in one beat.

• Stroke Volume

Shaving for patients is often not risky except when the patient is taking an ______________ which places them at risk for nicks and bleeding.

• anticoagulant blood thinner

Both the mental and physical capacity to use a restroom, including the ability to get on and off the toilet and cleaning oneself

• Maintaining continence

Promote patient _____ and well-being in all circumstances

• safety

Good communication between nurses and patients is essential for the successful outcome of individualized _____ of each patient.

• nursing care

Communication is a vital element in Nursing in all areas of activity and in all its interventions such as prevention, treatment, therapy, rehabilitation, education, and health promotion.

• True
• False

The ability to practice safely and effectively fulfilling his/her professional responsibility within their scope of practice.

• Competence

The _____ takes the information and in turn transmits other information to the patient with discretion and delicacy as to the nature of the disease and advises with treatment and a rehabilitation plan for health promotion.

• nurse

The deceased ______________ are gently placed in good alignment, the eyes and the jaw are held closed and the body is then wrapped in a shroud after an identification tag has been placed on the client's greater toe and on the outside of the shroud prior to transfer to the morgue.

• patient's hands and legs

The ______________ for falls rises dramatically with age in both sexes and in all racial and ethnic groups.

• mortality rate

Perineal care is done with the bed bath, shower or tub bath and it is done more often for patients affected with incontinence and ________________.

• diaphoresis

Nurses and midwives are obliged to represent the ethics of their profession before colleagues and others, and they should also help each other maintain the ethical principles outlined in this _____.

• Code of Ethics

Nurses must understand and help their patients, demonstrating courtesy, kindness, and sincerity.

• True
• False

_____________ consists of brushing the teeth, flossing the teeth, and rinsing the mouth.

• Oral hygiene

A complete bed bath is one that is given in the _____ to the client by a nurse or another member of the health care team like an unlicensed assistive staff member such as a nursing assistant or a patient care technician.

• bed

The primary purpose of _____ is to cleanse the body of all dirt, sweat, germs, exfoliated skin, and other things.

• bathing

This means the person appointed by virtue of article 4 of the Mental Health Act.

• Responsible Carer

Failure to act in a situation where action is required.

• Inaction

Optimal patient care can only be achieved when; the patient’s needs are kept as the _____, all health care workers trust and respect each other, and value each other’s contributions.

• main focus

Ensure a professional _____ which projects competency, inspires confidence and communicates respect to patients/clients, coworkers and the public.

• image

Operating within a budget, writing checks, paying bills, and avoiding scams

• Managing personal finances

Respect the _____ and resources belonging to patients, colleagues and organisations.

• property

The ability to feed oneself, though not necessarily the capability to prepare food

• Eating

Decreased heart rate; typically refers to rates below 50 beats per minute.

• Bradycardia

A shower chair, tub chair, grab bars, a _____ or shower mat are also highly important to prevent accidents.

• nonskid bath

The method of using the auscultation of sounds for determining blood pressure.

• Korotkoff method

The _____________ should appear clean, because dirt can cause infection, trimmed short, and smooth, as jagged nails have the ability of causing injuries to the client or to the staff attending to them.

• client's nails

The nursing process moreover as a scientific method of exercise and implementation of Nursing, is achieved through dialogue, through interpersonal environment and with specific skills of verbal communication.

• True
• False

Some of these devices and ______________ include shower chairs, grab rails, hand rails, back sponges and special tools for nail care.

• adaptations

Identify the client, introduce yourself and explain the _____________ to the client.

• bathing procedure

_____ are everywhere, and some are good for us while others are harmful.

• Bacteria

Share with other citizens the _____ for initiating and supporting actions designed to maintain and improve the health and social needs of the public.

• responsibility

Treatment is directed at the underlying cause of the fall and can return the patient to _________________.

• baseline function

_______________ can be washed with shampoo and conditioner in the shower, bathtub and in bed with a special bed tray or dry shampoo

• Patient's hair

Refrain from accepting gifts, favors or hospitality as it may compromise the _____ with the patient under one’s care.

• professional relationship

Refrain from accepting _____ responsibilities for patient under their care to make legal and financial decisions on their behalf.

• power of attorney

Maintain their personal health and well-being responsibly. Seek _____ and inform their superiors as appropriate if their health threatens the ability to practice safely.

• assistance

Retain a _____ for patient well-being in all professional settings, including education, research, and administration

• commitment

The ability to make appropriate clothing decisions and physically dress/undress oneself

• Dressing

______________ consists of washing and drying the patient's entire body and removing all medical equipment such as indwelling urinary catheters and intravenous lines

• Postmortem care

Nurses and midwives shall also ensure that their professional _____ is not influenced by any commercial consideration.

• judgement

The _____________ consists of the skin, hair, nails, glands, and nerves.

• integumentary system

_____ means using practices and procedures to prevent contamination from pathogens.

• Aseptic technique

Bathing/showering, grooming, nail care, and oral care

• Personal hygiene

If a _____________ is not available, a washcloth should be wrapped around your hand in a mitt like fashion.

• bath mitt

Nurses and midwives should be ever ready to share their knowledge, competence, experience and resources with others, particularly with _____.

• junior staff

Advocate for equity and _____ in resource allocation, access to health care and other social and economic services.

• social justice

Taking accurate dosages at the appropriate times, managing re-fills, and avoiding conflicts

• Managing medications

Your body is a ______________ that consists of many subsystems that help to keep it functioning properly.

• complicated system

An increased heart rate; typically refers to rates greater than 100 beats per minute in adults.

• Tachycardia

Bear an obligation to _____ in such a way as to maintain public trust and confidence in nurses and midwives and the professions they represent at all times.

• behave

Either by driving oneself, arranging rides, or the ability to use public transportation

• Transportation

Doing laundry, washing dishes, dusting, vacuuming, and maintaining a hygienic place of residence

• Housework

Patients should also be encouraged to comb or brush their hair _______________.

• a couple of times a day

Higher than normal blood pressure; typically when diastolic values are 90 mmHg or above.

• Hypertension

This is upholding the values of the profession and the accepted standards of practice.

• Integrity

Place ______________ under the areas that are being washed to protect the fitted bottom sheet from moisture and only uncover the areas that are being washed rather than the entire area to maintain client warmness.

• towels

Act as a _____________ for touch, pressure, pain, heat, and cold.

• receptor

With all types of baths, the water temperature must be checked to insure that it is safe and _____.

• < 110 degrees

A _____ is a bath that the clients are usually able to take themselves, but they may still need assistance, such as getting in or out of the tub or shower, so it is important for the nursing staff member to be available and present to help the client as needed.

• tub bath

Change the bath water in the basin when it cools off or becomes too ______________.

• soapy

This is the act of being treated better than another patient resulting in having an advantage over another patient.

• Preferential Treatment

Based on statistics evaluated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about one in three community-dwelling adults older than age 65 fall every year, and ______________ fall more frequently than men in this age-group.

• women

A _____ bed bath is one that is given in the bed, like the complete bed bath, but the client only needs the assistance of the nurse or another member of the health care team.

• partial

Each ________________ is washed, rinsed, dried and then covered with a bath towel or a blanket.

• part of the client's body

The skin is one of the first defense mechanisms in your ___________________.

• immune system

Nurses and midwives are reminded that when they delegate they are still _____ for that task.

• accountable

The conduct of research must conform to bio ethical nursing /midwifery practice. When patients or their notes are to be used as teaching or assessing resources, they must be used with great _____ .

• sensitivity