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Physiological Psychology

Examines the biological basis of behavior and mental processes, exploring the relationship between the brain, the nervous system, and human behavior.

behavioral neuroscience

neurobiology

brain and behavior

nervous system

sensation and perception

attention

learning and memory

language

emotion

motivation

sleep and circadian rhythms

psychopharmacology

drugs and behavior

practical nursing

Drugs that increases sleep.

  • a. Smart Drugs
  • b. Hypnotic drugs
  • c. Nootropics
  • d. Antihypnotic drugs

The response of the olfactory system to airborne chemicals that are drawn by inhalation over receptors in the nasal passages.

  • a. Taste
  • b. Touch
  • c. Hear
  • d. Smell

The study of the effects of drugs on the brain and behavior.

  • a. Neuropsychology
  • b. Comparative psychology
  • c. Psychopharmacology
  • d. Psychophysiology

It deals with how experience changes the brain.

  • a. Alzheimer
  • b. Amnesia
  • c. Memory
  • d. Learning

Neurons that fire when an individual performs a particular goal-directed hand movement or when she or he observes the same goal-directed movement performed by another

  • a. Afferent Neuron
  • b. Efferent Neuron
  • c. Mirror neurons
  • d. Central Neuron

Failure of recognition that is not attributable to a sensory deficit or to verbal or intellectual impairment.

  • a. Akinetopsia
  • b. Prosopagnosia
  • c. Agnosia
  • d. Visual agnosia

Clinical approach is actually answering one of the basic questions in philosophy

  • True
  • False

Proposes that sleep is not a reaction to the disruptive effects of being awake but the result of an internal 24-hour timing mechanism that is, we humans are programmed to sleep at night regardless of what happens to us during the day

  • a. Recuperation theories of sleep
  • b. Adaptation theories of sleep
  • c. Agitation theory
  • d. Sleep Theory

The inability to move just as one is falling asleep or waking up.

  • a. Sleep paralysis
  • b. Hypnagogic hallucinations
  • c. Insomnia
  • d. Hypersomnia

All are effects of damage to the auditory system, except:

  • a. Blindness
  • b. Deafness
  • c. Nerve deafness
  • d. Conductive deafness

A way where atteention can be focused is the internal cognitive process called _____

  • a. Exogenous Attention
  • b. Internal Attention
  • c. External events
  • d. Endogenous Attention

Characterized by recurring losses of muscle tone during wakefulness, often triggered by an emotional experience.

  • a. Cataplexy
  • b. Hypnagogic hallucinations
  • c. Insomnia
  • d. Sleep paralysis

Endocrine gland releases their chemicals, which are called hormones, directly into the circulatory system.

  • True
  • False

Comprises the areas of the sensory cortex that receive most of their input from the primary sensory cortex of that system or from other areas of the secondary sensory cortex of the same system.

  • a. Unassocciated cortex
  • b. Primary sensory cortex
  • c. Association cortex
  • d. Secondary sensory cortex

This theory proposes that being awake disrupts the homeostasis (internal physiological stability) of the body in some way and sleep is required to restore it.

  • Alteration Theories of Sleep
  • Recuperation theories of sleep
  • Adaptation Theories of Sleep
  • NONE OF THE ABOVE

A layer of mucus-covered tissue.

  • a. Papillae
  • b. Olfactory mucosa
  • c. Olfactory bulbs
  • d. Taste Buds

They are sexually attracted to members of the same sex.

  • a. Bisexual
  • b. Homosexual
  • c. Heterosexual
  • d. Sexual identity

This theory suggests that sleep is like reproductive behavior in the sense that we are highly motivated to engage in it, but we don’t need it to stay healthy.

  • NONE OF THE ABOVE
  • ADAPTATION THEORIES OF SLEEP
  • ALTERATION THEORIES OF SLEEP
  • RECUPERATION THEORIES OF SLEEP
  • The correct answer is: ADAPTATION THEORIES OF SLEEP

A complete cessation of eating.

  • a. Lipogenesis
  • b. Adipsia
  • c. Aphagia
  • d. Hyperphagia

These are behaviors whose primary function is to protect the organism from threat or harm.

  • Aggressive behaviors
  • Defensive behaviors
  • Phobia behaviors
  • Fear behaviors

It runs in a strip from the supplementary motor area to the lateral fissure.

  • a. Premotor cortex
  • b. Dorsolateral prefrontal association cortex
  • c. Supplementary motor area
  • d. Posterior parietal association cortex

This theory proposed that emotion-inducing sensory stimuli are received and interpreted by the cortex, which triggers changes in the visceral organs via the autonomic nervous system and in the skeletal muscles via the somatic nervous system.

  • Cannon-Bard theory
  • Association Theory
  • James-Lange theory
  • Classical Theory
  • The correct answer is: James-Lange theory

The first physiological theory of emotion was proposed independently by James and Lange in what year?

  • 1984
  • 1985
  • 1885
  • 1884
  • The correct answer is: 1884

Cessation of menstruation.

  • a. Gynecomastia
  • b. Testicular atrophy
  • c. Amenorrhea
  • d. Hirsutism

Human is capable of making complex patterns of adjustment to the never ending changes of his environment.

  • True
  • False

The science of behavior or the scientific study of human behavior.

  • a. Neuron
  • b. Psychology
  • c. Physiology
  • d. Synapse

The scientific study of the nervous system.

  • a. Neuroendocrinology
  • b. Neuropharmacology
  • c. Neuroanatomy
  • d. Neuropathology

Tends to carry information about pain and temperature

  • a. Dorsal-column medial-lemniscus
  • b. Anterolateral system
  • c. Neurophysiology
  • d. Neuroanatomy

A deficiency in the ability to see movement progress in a normal smooth fashion.

  • a. Blindsight
  • b. Prosopagnosia
  • c. Agnosia Process Theory
  • d. Akinetopsia

One of the most obvious qualities of human visual experience.

  • a. Wavelength
  • b. Intensity
  • c. Color
  • d. Illumination

It is also known as the sweat glands.

  • a. Pituitary gland
  • b. Exocrine gland
  • c. Gonads
  • d. Endocrine gland

The study of nervous system disorders.

  • a. Neurophysiology
  • b. Neuroendocrinology
  • c. Neuropathology
  • d. Neuroanatomy

Proposes that being awake disrupts the homeostasis of the body in some way and sleep is required to restore it

  • a. Recuperation theories of sleep
  • b. Agitation theory
  • c. Sleep Theory
  • d. Adaptation theories of sleep

All are true about eating except:

  • a. A behavior that is of interest to virtually everyone.
  • b. For many of us, it becomes a source of serious personal and health problems.
  • c. None of the choices
  • d. Most of us derive great pleasure from it.

The study of body processes

  • a. Psychology
  • b. Synapse
  • c. Physiology
  • d. Neuron

It includes all disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep.

  • a. Cataplexy
  • b. Sleep paralysis
  • c. Insomnia
  • d. Hypersomnia

Any area of cortex that receives input from more than one sensory system

  • association cortex

This theory was proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and refined by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852.

  • a. Process Theory
  • b. Component Theory
  • c. Opponent Theory
  • d. Opponent-process theory

The first major event in the study of the biopsychology of emotion was the publication in

  • a. 1872
  • b. 1875
  • c. 1785
  • d. 1782

A disorder of under consumption.

  • a. Dorsal-column medial-lemniscus
  • b. Neurophysiology
  • c. Neuroanatomy
  • d. Anorexia nervosa

A reflex that is elicited by a sudden external stretching force on a muscle.

  • a. Withdrawal reflex
  • b. Spinal Reflex
  • c. Stretch Reflex
  • d. Babinski reflex

The smallest units of motor activity

  • a. Muscle spindles
  • b. Renshaw cells
  • c. Motor pool
  • d. Motor units

Endocrine gland is also known as the sweat glands.

  • True
  • False

The study of the effects of drugs on neural activity.

  • a. Neuropathology
  • b. Neuropharmacology
  • c. Neuroendocrinology
  • d. Neuropsychology

Monitors information about the position of the body that comes from receptors in the muscles, joints, and organs of balance.

  • a. Interoceptive system
  • b. Proprioceptive system
  • c. Exteroceptive system
  • d. Visual system

When the body is exposed to harm or threat, the result is a cluster of physiological changes that is generally referred to as

  • a. Neuroendocrinology
  • b. Neuropharmacology
  • c. Stress
  • d. Health

A simple sugar that is the breakdown product of complex carbohydrates, that is, starches and sugars

  • a. Amino Acids
  • b. Lipids
  • c. Glucose
  • d. Fats

The idea that the human brain and the mind are separate entities became even more widely accepted.

  • a. Visual agnosia
  • b. Cartesian dualism
  • c. Agnosia
  • d. Animism

Response of the gustatory system to chemicals in solution in the oral cavity

  • a. Touch
  • b. Taste
  • c. Smell
  • d. Hear

These are behaviors whose primary function is to threaten or harm

  • Fear behaviors
  • Phobia behaviors
  • Defensive behaviors
  • Aggressive behaviors
  • The correct answer is: Aggressive behaviors

Defined as waves of electromagnetic energy that is between 380 and 760 nanometers in length.

  • a. Intensity
  • b. Shape
  • c. Color
  • d. Light

Proposed that emotion-inducing sensory stimuli are received and interpreted by the cortex, which triggers changes in the visceral organs via the autonomic nervous system and in the skeletal muscles via the somatic nervous system.

  • a. Cannon-Bard theory
  • b. Freud-Horney theory
  • c. Freud-Erikson theory
  • d. James-Lange theory

In this book, Darwin argued, largely on the basis of anecdotal evidence, that particular emotional responses, such as human facial expressions, tend to accompany the same emotional states in all members of a species.

  • a. The Expression of Emotions in Man and Animals
  • b. Origin of Species
  • c. Comparative study of psychology
  • d. Survival of the fittest

These drugs increases sleep.

  • ENDORPHINS
  • ANTIBIOTIC
  • HYPNOTIC DRUGS
  • HYPERSOMIA
  • The correct answer is: HYPNOTIC DRUGS

The study of the evolution, genetics, and adaptiveness of behavior, largely through the use of the comparative method.

  • a. Neuropsychology
  • b. Cognitive neuroscience
  • c. Comparative psychology
  • d. Psychophysiology

Senses external stimuli that are applied to the skin.

  • a. Interoceptive system
  • b. Visual system
  • c. Exteroceptive system
  • d. Proprioceptive system

This theory was proposed by Ewald Hering in 1878.

  • a. Process Theory
  • b. Opponent-process theory
  • c. Opponent Theory
  • d. Component Theory

It receives information from primary and secondary motor cortex, information about descending motor signals from brain stem motor nuclei, and feedback from motor responses via the somatosensory and vestibular systems.

  • a. Muscle spindles
  • b. Basal Ganglia
  • c. Golgi tendon organs
  • d. Cerebellum

It is thought to participate in the storage of memories of learned sensorimotor skills through its various neuroplastic mechanism

  • a. Neuropsychology
  • b. Cerebellum
  • c. Striatum
  • d. Prefrontal Cortex

Tends to carry information about touch and proprioception

  • a. Visual system
  • b. Exteroceptive system
  • c. Dorsal-column medial-lemniscus
  • d. Anterolateral system

They are sexually attracted to members of both sexes.

  • a. Homosexual
  • b. Bisexual
  • c. Heterosexual
  • d. Sexual identity

Are behaviors whose primary function is to protect the organism from threat or harm?

  • a. Safeguarding tendency
  • b. Aggressive behaviors
  • c. Defense mechanism
  • d. Defensive behaviors

Lipogenesis is the production of body fat.

  • True
  • False

The study of the chemical bases of neural activity.

  • a. Neurochemistry
  • b. Neuroendocrinology
  • c. Neuropathology
  • d. Neuropharmacology

All are psychophysiological measures of sleep

  • a. EEO
  • b. EOG
  • c. EMG
  • d. EEG

How many stages does sleep EEG has?

  • a. Four
  • b. Five
  • c. Three
  • d. Six

On the tongue, these are often located around small protuberances functional brain imaging.

  • a. Psych Olfactory bulbs
  • b. Olfactory mucosa
  • c. Taste Buds
  • d. Papillae

Bulemics eat so little that they experience health threatening weight loss; and despite their emaciated appearance, they often perceive themselves as fat.

  • True
  • False

Dreamlike experiences during wakefulness.

  • a. Deafness
  • b. Hypersomnia
  • c. Hypnagogic hallucinations
  • d. Insomnia

They are sexually attracted to members of the other sex

  • a. Homosexual
  • b. Bisexual
  • c. Sexual identity
  • d. Heterosexual

It is thought to play a special role in memory for the emotional significance of experiences.

  • a. Amygdala
  • b. Prefrontal Cortex
  • c. Inferotemporal Cortex
  • d. Cerebellum

A gastrointestinal process of breaking down food and absorbing its constituents into the body.

  • a. Eating
  • b. Hunger
  • c. Health
  • d. Digestion

Proposed that emotional stimuli have two independent excitatory effects.

  • a. Freud-Horney theory
  • b. Freud-Erikson theory
  • c. Cannon-Bard theory
  • d. James-Lange theory

All are methods used in physiological psychology, except:

  • a. Clinical Approach
  • b. Philosophical Approach
  • c. Physiological Psychology
  • d. Experimental Approach

The area of sensory cortex that receives most of its input directly from the thalamic relay nuclei of that system.

  • primary sensory cortex

The small inhibitory interneurons that mediate recurrent collateral inhibition.

  • a. Withdrawal reflex
  • b. Reciprocal innervation
  • c. Spinal Reflex
  • d. Renshaw cells

The first physiological theory of emotion was proposed independently

  • a. James and Lange
  • b. Cannon and Bard
  • c. Freud and Horney
  • d. Freud and Erikson

Provides general information about conditions within the body.

  • a. Visual system
  • b. Proprioceptive system
  • c. Exteroceptive system
  • d. Interoceptive system

Behaviors whose primary function is to threaten or harm.

  • a. Safeguarding tendency
  • b. Defense mechanisms
  • c. Defensive behaviors
  • d. Aggressive behaviors

A disorders of excessive sleep or sleepiness.

  • Hypersomnia
  • SLEEP PARALYSIS
  • CATAPLEXY
  • HYPNAGOGIC HALLUCINATIONS
  • The correct answer is: Hypersomnia

Though to participate in the storage of memories of learned sensorimotor skills through its various neuroplastic mechanism.

  • a. Cerebellum
  • b. Amygdala
  • c. Prefrontal cortex
  • d. Striatum

A disorder of voluntary movement that is not attributable to a simple motor deficit to any deficit in comprehension or motivation.

  • a. Contralateral neglect
  • b. Amnesia
  • c. Aphasia
  • d. Apraxia

The ability of such patients to respond to visual stimuli in their scotomas even though they have no conscious awareness of the stimuli.

  • a. Blindsight
  • b. Prosopagnosia
  • c. Agnosia
  • d. Visual agnosia

he ability of such patients to respond to visual stimuli in their scotomas even though they have no conscious awareness of the stimuli.

  • blindsight

The breakdown products of proteins.

  • a. Amino Acids
  • b. Glucose
  • c. Fats
  • d. Lipids

The sex, male or female, that a person believes himself or herself to be

  • a. Bisexual
  • b. Homosexual
  • c. Heterosexual
  • d. Sexual identity

The study of the relation between physiological activity and psychological processes in human subjects by noninvasive physiological recording.

  • a. Psychophysiology
  • b. Cognitive neuroscience
  • c. Neuropsychology
  • d. Comparative psychology

It is characterized by recurring losses of muscle tone during wakefulness, often triggered by an emotional experience.

  • SLEEP PARALYSIS
  • HYPNAGOGIC HALLUCINATIONS
  • HYPERSOMNIA
  • CATAPLEXY
  • The correct answer is: CATAPLEXY

The primary motor cortex is located in the precentral gyrus of what lobe of the brain.

  • a. Frontal lobe
  • b. Parietal lobe
  • c. Parietal lobe
  • d. Occipital lobe

Plays an important role in the perception of brightness.

  • intensity

It deals with how these changes are stored and subsequently reactivated.

  • a. Memory
  • b. Alzheimer
  • c. Learning
  • d. Amnesia

A specific agnosia for visual stimuli.

  • a. Akinetopsia
  • b. Blindsight
  • c. Visual agnosia
  • d. Prosopagnosia

A property of light that plays an important role in the perception of brightness.

  • a. Intensity
  • b. Illumination
  • c. Color
  • d. Wavelength

Hunger is the gastrointestinal process of breaking down food and absorbing its constituents into the body.

  • True
  • False

A property of light that plays an important role in the perception of color

  • a. Color
  • b. Illumination
  • c. Wavelength
  • d. Intensity

A disorder characterized by periods of not eating interrupted by bingeing.

  • a. Sickness
  • b. Obesity
  • c. Anorexia nervosa
  • d. Bulimia nervosa

It is thought to store memories for consistent relationships between stimuli and responses the type of memories that develop incrementally over many trials.

  • a. Cerebellum
  • b. Prefrontal Cortex
  • c. Inferotemporal Cortex
  • d. Striatum

The study of the neural mechanisms of behavior by manipulating the nervous systems of nonhuman animals in controlled experiments.

  • a. Philosophical Approach
  • b. Experimental Approach
  • c. Clinical Approach
  • d. Physiological Psychology

This theory proposed that emotional stimuli have two independent excitatory effects: They excite both the feeling of emotion in the brain and the expression of emotion in the autonomic and somatic nervous systems.

  • Association Theory
  • Cannon-Bard theory
  • Classical Theory
  • James-Lange theory
  • The correct answer is: Cannon-Bard theory

The somatotopic layout of the human primary motor cortex is commonly referred to as

  • a. Acetylcholine
  • b. Mirror neurons
  • c. Motor units
  • d. motor homunculus

The study of the neural mechanisms of human cognition, largely through the use of functional brain imaging.

  • a. Neuropsychology
  • b. Comparative psychology
  • c. Cognitive neuroscience
  • d. Psychophysiology

Currently the dominant approach being used to study the brain mechanisms of human emotion.

  • a. Cognitive neuroscience
  • b. Behavioral neuroscience
  • c. Psychodynamic approach
  • d. Humanistic neuroscience

He developed the theory of evolution.

  • a. Lange
  • b. Charles Darwin
  • c. James
  • d. Cannon-Bard

A study of the physiological bases of human and animal behavior.

  • a. Experiemental Approach
  • b. Philosophical Approach
  • c. Clinical Approach
  • d. Physiological Psychology

Visual agnosia for faces.

  • prosopagnosia

Any area of cortex that receives input from more than one sensory system.

  • a. Association cortex
  • b. Primary sensory cortex
  • c. Secondary sensory cortex
  • d. Association cortex
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