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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

Is designed to provide a clear and comprehensive insight into tourism and hospitality as an ecosystem and goes beyond the traditional closed concept of tourism.

micro perspective

tourism

hospitality management

human resources

zenaida

maria arlene

industry

olfu

comprehensiveness

openness

destination

residence

traveller

Transport refers to movement of goods and passengers on waterways

  • Water
  • Pipe
  • Air
  • Rail

Advent of jet travel shortened travel time.

  • Empire Era
  • Mobility Era
  • Modern Era
  • The Grand Tour

Paid vacations introduced in the early 1900’s made leisure travel possible for working and middle classes.

  • Empire Era
  • The Grand Tour
  • Middle Ages
  • Modern Era
  • Mobility Era

Tourists take a quick snapshot and are gone, and by so acting invade the local peoples’ lives.

  • Loss of authenticity
  • Irritation due to tourist behavior
  • commodification
  • adaptation to tourists demand

Growth in travel for business reasons.

  • The Grand Tour
  • Modern Era
  • Mobility Era
  • Empire Era

Package tours include the services of escorts but a few are sold to people who wish to travel in group.

  • True
  • False

The feudal system that eventually replaced Roman rule resulted in many different autonomous domains.

  • Middle Ages
  • Modern Era
  • Mobility Era
  • The Grand Tour

_______ often suffer negative impacts of tourism.

  • Forest
  • Ocean
  • Lake
  • None of the above

The telephone department is headed by the _________________.

  • telephone services manager
  • telephone opetor
  • telephone technician

Travel to outlining cities was necessary.

  • Egyptians
  • Chinese
  • Romans
  • Greek

Providing tax revenue is when tourists may pay tax like most other people. As they come from other regions or countries, their expenses result in an increased tax base for the host country.

  • True
  • False

While the interest shown by tourists also contributes to the sense of self-worth of the artists, and helps conserve a cultural tradition, cultural erosion may occur due to the commodification of cultural goods.

  • standardization
  • loss of authenticity
  • commodification
  • Adaptation to Tourist Demand

Indirect employment refers to the jobs of those people who serve both local people and tourists.

  • True
  • False

Benefits can include upgraded infrastructure, health and transport improvements, new sport and recreational facilities, restaurants and public spaces as well as an influx of better-quality commodities and food.

  • Ethical Issues
  • Tourism as a force for peace
  • Strengthening Communities
  • Facilities developed for tourism can benefit residents

It is owned by two or more individuals.

  • Sole Proprietorship
  • none of the above
  • Partnership
  • corporate

They were the first to shaped modern travel.

  • Romans
  • Greeks
  • Russian
  • Egyptians

Invention of automobile and airplane expanded freedom to travel.

  • Mobility Era
  • Empire Era
  • Middle Ages
  • Modern Era

There are three types of leakage.

  • True
  • False

The standard check-out time is always set at ___ p.m. or before.

  • 12 pm
  • 5 pm
  • 2 pm
  • 3 pm

Greeks were first who shaped the modern day travel.

  • True
  • False

Partnership is owned by two or more individuals.

  • True
  • False

The facilities are available for specified time and for a specified use.

  • tangible
  • Intangible
  • Psychological
  • None of the above

Local people can also increase their influence on tourism development, as well as improve their job and earnings prospects, through tourism-related professional training and development of business and organizational skills.

  • all of the above
  • Prostitution and sex tourism
  • Tourism as a force for peace
  • Strengthening Communities

Some governments collect money in more far-reaching and indirect ways that are not linked to specific parks or conservation areas.

  • Direct financial contributions
  • None of the above
  • Indirect financial contributions
  • Contributions to Government Revenues

Increased interest in travel for commerce and pleasure.

  • Mobility Era
  • Grand Tour
  • Middle Ages
  • Modern Era

Because of the seasonal character of the industry, many destinations have ten times more inhabitants in the high season than in the low season.

  • Local Resources
  • Diversity in Culture
  • Natural Resources
  • Intangible features

________ courses require an enormous amount of water every day and as with other causes of excessive extraction of water, this can result in water scarcity.

  • none of the above
  • Golf
  • Tennis
  • Table tennis

Road and airport construction can lead to land degradation and loss of wildlife habitats and deterioration of scenery.

  • Construction activities and infrastructure development
  • none of the above
  • Leakage
  • Trampling:

During the Roman Empire, people began traveling in large numbers for

  • True
  • False

Staff in this department generally possesses good language and communication skills. .

  • reservation
  • housekeeping department
  • telephone department
  • f and b department

The tourist product cannot be provided by a single enterprise unlike a manufactured product is called composite product.

  • True
  • False

Due to a lack of professional training, as well as to the influence of hotel or restaurant chains at the destination, people with the know-how needed to perform higher level jobs are often recruited from other countries.

  • adaptation to tourists demand
  • Loss of authenticity
  • job level friction
  • commodification

He developed tour packages for mass travel.

  • Thomas Cook
  • Thome Cook
  • Tomas Cook
  • Thonas Cook

Transportation of goods and passengers on rail lines through trains is called rail transport

  • WAter
  • Air
  • Rail
  • Land

Water transport refers to movement of goods and passengers on waterways. Line voyage services, cruise ships, ferries and inland water transport make up the range of water transportation that tourist can choose from.

  • True
  • False

Sacred sites and objects may not be respected when they are perceived as goods to trade.

  • leakage
  • Intangible
  • Perishable
  • Commodification

Greeks built rest houses.

  • True
  • False

Acting as personal driver for guest upon request such as taking guest to his office or for sightseeing tour.

  • driver
  • guard
  • luggage porter
  • receptionist

During this time, people began traveling in large numbers for governmental, commercial, educational and religious purpose.

  • Empire Era
  • The Grand Tour
  • Modern Era
  • Mobility Era

Tour buses often leave their motors running for hours while the tourists go out for an excursion because they want to return to a comfortably air-conditioned bus this practice can cause ________.

  • natural disasters
  • global warming
  • deforestation
  • air pollution

Trend of luxurious travel started by wealthy English.

  • Mobility Era
  • Middle Ages
  • Empire Era
  • The Grand Tour

tour guide acts as an agent.

  • True
  • False

Through the linkages with other economic sectors such as construction, transport, food production industries, etc., the industry may spread its effect throughout the economy and bring about economic growth.

  • Leakage
  • Economic Growth and Living Standard
  • Intangible
  • Perishable

Millions of people were introduced to international travel during World War II.

  • The Grand Tour
  • Modern Era
  • Mobility Era
  • Empire Era

In 1841, Thomas Cook organized the first tour for a group of _______ to attend a temperance rally in Leicester, England.

  • 595
  • 580
  • 590
  • 570

Tour operator typically combines tour and travel components to create a holiday.

  • True
  • False

Egyptians traveled for pleasure and festivals were held every year.

  • True
  • False

Improving the balance of payments is when outbound tourists spend more than inbound tourists do, a country will have a net surplus that will help improve the balance of payments.

  • True
  • False

In _______, Thomas Cook organized the first tour for a group of 570 to attend a temperance rally in Leicester, England.

  • 1840
  • 1842
  • 1841
  • 1843

Comfortable dining atmosphere or the friendly attitude of staff.

  • perishable features
  • Intangible features
  • all of the above
  • tangible features

Sole proprietorship is the simplest business form.

  • True
  • False

Medium-dependency on tourism occurs when a region becomes too dependent on tourism.

  • True
  • False

Contribution of tourism to the income of a tourist destination is greatly increased by a process of tourism income multiplier.

  • Leakage
  • None of the above
  • Generating Income and the Linkage Effect
  • Economic Growth and Living Standard

Through interactions with customers, important messages about their needs and expectations can be received by service staff for their immediate actions to create customer satisfaction.

  • all of the above
  • one-way communication
  • communication
  • two-way communication

Psychological is a large component of tourism product wherein the satisfaction of the consumer derives from its use.

  • True
  • False

The empire era started form the time of the Greek to the Egyptians and finally came to an end with the fall of the roman empire.

  • True
  • False

For many, young children are recruited as they are cheap and flexible employees.

  • standardization
  • crime generation
  • none of the above
  • commodification

It can cause annoyance, stress, and even hearing loss for humans, distress to wildlife, especially in sensitive areas.

  • air pollution
  • water pollution
  • noise pollution
  • none of the above

The commercial sexual exploitation of children and young women has paralleled the growth of tourism in many parts of the world.

  • crime degeneration
  • child labor
  • Prostitution and sex tourism
  • all of the above

Cleaner production techniques can be important tools for planning and operating tourism facilities in a way that minimizes their environmental impacts.

  • Improved Environmental Management
  • Improved Environmental Planning
  • Improved Environmental Management and Planning
  • none of the above

In order to develop brand loyalty, different methods are currently applied by the lodging and food service sectors, such as membership programmes which give privileges and incentives to frequent customers.

  • none of the above
  • Labor Intensive
  • Two-way Communication
  • Relationship Building

Subsequent decline in the tourist flow to that region may greatly affect the economy of the area.

  • Over-dependency on Tourism
  • Leakage
  • Economic Growth and Living Standard
  • High Consumer and Land Prices

While landscape, accommodation, food and drinks, etc., must meet at the tourists’ desires for the new and unfamiliar, they must at the same time not to be too new or strange because few tourists are actually looking for completely new things.

  • loss of authenticity
  • none of the above
  • standardization
  • commodification

Paid vacations introduced in the early _____’s made leisure travel possible for working and middle classes.

  • 1600's
  • 1900's
  • 1700's
  • 1800's

His main duty is to enhance guest services by constantly developing services to meet guests’ needs.

  • Front Office manager
  • Receptionist
  • Front desk clerk
  • Front office assistant manager

Improving the Balance of Payments occurs when money spent by tourists in an area is spent again by those who have received the initial amount of money.

  • True
  • False

Absence of ownership is define as the goods and services that can be used but cannot be owned.

  • True
  • False

Travel almost disappeared during the Middle Ages where travel became dangerous and sporadic.

  • Middle Ages
  • Modern Era
  • Mobility Era
  • The Grand Tour
  • Empire Era

Travel agency is a business that is designed to help customers make various types of arrangements for trips such as tickets and hotel reservations.

  • True
  • False

Direct Employment is employment generated from business that does not directly provide services to tourists.

  • True
  • False

Limits should be established after an in-depth analysis of the maximum sustainable visitor capacity

  • Environmental Measure
  • Leakage
  • Regulatory Measure
  • none of the above

A show might not be as entertaining as it promises to be or a beach holiday might be disappointing due to heavy rain is an example of risky.

  • True
  • False

Profit tax is based on personal income.

  • True
  • False

Heterogenous is define as the services that can be standardized.

  • True
  • False

Production and consumption take place while tourist is available.

  • Intangible
  • Perishable
  • Highly Perishable
  • Tangible

Special fees for park operations or conservation activities can be collected from tourists or tour operators.

  • None of the above
  • Direct financial contributions
  • Indirect financial contributions
  • Direct Contributions

Hotel rooms, airline tickets, etc. can be used but not owned.

  • Absence of the ownership
  • Intangible
  • Perishable

Fixed Supply in the short run requires an in-depth study of non-users’ behaviour, taste preferences, likes and dislikes so that expectations and realities coincide for the maximum satisfaction of the consumer.

  • True
  • False

Many tourists come from societies with different consumption patterns and lifestyles than what is current at the destination, seeking pleasure, spending large amounts of money and sometimes behaving in ways that even they would not accept at home.

  • Economic equality
  • commodification
  • adaptation to tourists demand
  • Economic Inequality

A show might not be as entertaining as it promises to be or a beach holiday might be disappointing due to heavy rain.

  • Risky
  • Intangible
  • Sustainable
  • Marketable

Tourism, especially nature tourism, is closely linked to biodiversity and the attractions created by a rich and varied environment.

  • Physical Impacts from Tourist Activities
  • Leakage
  • Loss of Biological diversity
  • none of the above

Trade routes slowly began to reopen as commercial activities grew and the merchants ventured into new territories.

  • Empire Era
  • Modern Era
  • Middle Ages
  • The Grand Tour
  • Mobility Era

Indirect Employment refers to the jobs of those people who serve local people only.

  • True
  • False

Golf course maintenance can also deplete ___________ resources.

  • water
  • air
  • Land
  • none of the above

High Consumer and Land Prices is when an increasing demand on these resources (land, food, transport) and facilities may result in inflation, thus causing negative effects on local residents.

  • True
  • False

It occurs when a hotel takes more reservations than the number of rooms available.

  • standardization
  • Over-booking
  • commodification
  • leakage

A large component of tourism product wherein the satisfaction of the consumer derives from its use.

  • Perishable
  • Tangible
  • None of the above
  • Intangible
  • Psychological

They provided all the amenities required.

  • Egyptians
  • Russian
  • Greek
  • Romans

Makes decisions on whether room reservations/bookings should be accepted when the hotel is fully booked.

  • telephone service manager
  • Reservation Manager
  • Front office manager
  • telephone supervisor

Intangible is define as the facilities unavailable for specified time and for a specified use.

  • True
  • False

Tourism has the potential to increase public appreciation of the environment and to spread awareness of environmental problems when it brings people into closer contact with nature and the environment.

  • Environmental Raising
  • Environmental Awareness Raising
  • none of the above
  • Environmental Awareness Campaign

Intangible is define as the facilities available for specified time and for a specified use.

  • True
  • False

Typically combines tour and travel components to create a holiday.

  • Hotel
  • Tour Operator
  • Resort
  • Travel Agency

Generating Income and the Linkage Effect occurs when money spent by tourists in an area is spent again by those who have received the initial amount of money.

  • True
  • False

Income is greater in areas where a large number of tourists of high spending power is attracted to stay for a longer time.

  • Generating Income and the Linkage Effect
  • High Consumer and Land Prices
  • Economic Growth and Living Standard
  • Improving the Balance of Payments

Staff-to-guest ratios are high in fine dining restaurants and 5-star hotels which aimed at providing one-on-one services to their customers.

  • two way communciation
  • Intangible features
  • diversity in culture
  • Labor intensive

The empire era started from the time of the Egyptians to the Greek and finally camr to an end with the fall of the roman empire.

  • Modern Era
  • Empire Era
  • The Grand Tour
  • Middle Ages
  • Mobility Era

Staff who work in a hospitality organization always have interactions with customers from different regions, or to work and corporate with other colleagues who may have different backgrounds or cultures.

  • two way communication
  • Labor Intensive
  • intangible features
  • Diversity in culture

Tourism is thus a significant contributor to the increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

  • none of the above
  • greenhouse
  • leakage
  • climate change

Roads are the means that connect one place to another on the surface of the land.

  • Water Transport
  • Air Transport
  • None of the Above
  • Road Transport

The outbreak of foot and mouth disease epidemic in England, for instance, severely affected Great Britain's inbound tourism market.

  • Climate Change
  • None of the above
  • Unnatural disasters
  • Natural Disasters

An increasing demand on these resources (land, food, transport) and facilities may result in inflation, thus causing negative effects on local residents.

  • High Consumer and Land Prices
  • Economic Growth and Living Standard
  • Over-dependency on Tourism
  • Leakage

Indirect employment refers to manufacturing goods and provide services which are bought or used by business and organizations which serve tourist directly.

  • True
  • False

Goal was to experience the “civilized world” and the study the arts and sciences.

  • Mobility Era
  • Modern Era
  • Middle Ages
  • The Grand Tour

The tourist product cannot be provided by a single enterprise unlike a manufactured product is called intangible.

  • True
  • False

The immediate success of the first venture and the demand for more assistance in making travel arrangements led Cook into the full-time business provided travel services.

  • Middle Ages
  • Mobility Era
  • The Grand Tour
  • Empire Era
  • Modern Era

The tourist product cannot be provided by a single enterprise unlike a manufactured product.

  • Intagible
  • Perishable
  • Psychological
  • Composite Products

Partnership is considered to have its own identity, separate from that of its owners.

  • True
  • False

It is considered to have its own identity, separate from that of its owners.

  • None of the above
  • Corporate
  • Sole Proprietorship
  • Partnership

As long as tourists just want a glimpse of the local atmosphere, a quick glance at local life, without any knowledge or even interest, staging will be inevitable.

  • loss of authenticity
  • commodification
  • standardization
  • tangible

This is the fastest mode of transportation.

  • Air
  • Land
  • WAter
  • Pipe

Carries luggage for guests.

  • baggage porter
  • driver
  • guard
  • door attendant

Forests often suffer negative impacts of tourism in the form of __________ caused by fuel wood collection and land clearing.

  • greenhouse
  • natural disasters
  • deforestation
  • global warming

Tourists may pay tax like most other people.

  • Improving the Balance of Payments
  • Marketable
  • Providing Tax Revenue
  • Economic Growth and Living Standard

Rail Transport is define as transportation of goods and passengers on pipe lines through trains is called rail transport.

  • True
  • False

Romans built excellent roads, transportation and communication systems.

  • True
  • False

Tourism contributes greatly to the diversification of the economy

  • Leakage
  • Generating Income and the Linkage Effect
  • Improving the Balance of Payments
  • Economic Growth and Living Standard

Some of the other impacts that the world risks as a result of ________ are drought, diseases and heat waves.

  • none of the above
  • global warming
  • deforestation
  • greenhouse effect

Time, money, safety and interest in travel led to unparalleled growth of tourism.

  • Empire Era
  • Modern Era
  • Middle Ages
  • Mobility Era
  • The Grand Tour

This requires an in-depth study of users’ behaviour, taste preferences, likes and dislikes so that expectations and realities coincide for the maximum satisfaction of the consumer.

  • Fixed Supply in the short run
  • Intangible
  • Psychological
  • Perishable

At its peak the travel for business and pleasure flourished.

  • Greek
  • Egyptians
  • Chinese
  • Romans

__________course maintenance can also deplete fresh water resources.

  • basketball
  • tennis
  • badminton
  • golf

They traveled for pleasure and festivals were held every year.

  • Greeks
  • Romans
  • Egyptians
  • Chinese

Pleasure travel was popular.

  • Romans
  • Greeks
  • Chinese
  • Egyptians

Psychological is define as a large component of tourism product wherein the satisfaction of the consumer derives from its use.

  • True
  • False

Handle reservation request and prepare reservation confirmation slips

  • reservation clerk
  • reservation manager
  • Guest relation officer
  • telephone service manager

He works outside the hotel’s entrance.

  • bellboy
  • waiter
  • guard
  • door attendant

Highly Perishable is define as a production and consumption take place while tourist is not available.

  • True
  • False

The _________ system that eventually replaced Roman rule resulted in many different autonomous domains.

  • pipe
  • feudal
  • rail
  • water

_________ runoff causes serious damage to coral reefs because it contains lots of nutrients and it stimulates the growth of algae, which cover the filter-feeding corals, hindering their ability to survive.

  • product
  • sewage
  • service
  • None of the above

The duration time for The Middle Ages (____ to 14th centuries) and the Renaissance Era (14th to 16th centuries)

  • 5th
  • 2nd
  • 4th
  • 3rd

Highly Perishable is define as the production and consumption take place while tourist is unavailable.

  • True
  • False

_______________ is one of the most critical natural resources.

  • None of the above
  • Land
  • Water
  • Air

The presence of large number of tourists with a lot of money spend, and often carrying valuables such as cameras and jewelry increases the attraction for criminals and brings with it activities liked robbery and drug dealing.

  • standardization
  • loss of authenticity
  • none of the above
  • child labor

It is likely to increase the severity and frequency of storms and severe weather events, which can have disastrous effects on tourism in the affected regions.

  • Greenhouse
  • Climate Change
  • None of the above
  • Deforestation
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