International Issues for Human Resources Management

For sustainable advantage in competition, creation of __________ is important, but it should be rare, it must be inimitable, and must be non-sustainable.

• design
• value
• organization culture
• idea

The ___________________ in a multi-national company with divisions or subsidiaries in foreign countries.

• human resource manager

International human resource management functions cover many different activities related to a business organization’s employees and __________.

• contractors

These are expatriates from the country in which their company is headquartered.

• Host-country nationals
• OFW
• Expatriates
• none of the options
• Parent-country nationals

Each country has a different mix of workers, labor costs, and companies. Firms can choose the mix of human resources that s best for them

• True
• False

Body language do not always attach the same meaning to body language. The meaning of body language is not universal.

• True
• False

Employees can make or break an organization, regardless if its international or domestic one. Their daily actions put the life of the company on the line. Consequently, companies need to be sure that all of their employees are well prepared for their work. This includes both lower level and higher level employees. Training and developing employees to work at their maximum potential are in the best interest of a company in the long run.

• True
• False

It is an approach in which values and practices of home country are preferred.

• polycentric
• ethnocentric
• geocentric
• regiocentric

Non-verbal communications are communication that takes place through facial expressions, body movements, eye contact, and other physical gestures. This type of communication reveals what the sender really mean or thinking.

• True
• False

It is a complex process of choosing the best among the best interested individuals to the job, therefore it requires thorough assessment and wise decision coming from the recruiter to choose who among the applicants are best qualified.

• Recruitment and Selection

One shortcoming of the regiocentric approach is that managers from the region may not understand the view of the managers at headquarters. Also, corporate headquarters may not employ enough managers with international experience. Both of these situations could result in poor decisions

• True
• False

Accessibility influences migrant workers. Migrant workers prefer countries with dynamic economies that are open and accepts them. In other words, they want to feel comfortable living as foreigners in a country that offers them better life.

• True
• False

It is the idea that you carry your beliefs, values, and assumptions with you all times. It influence how you respond to others. In HR settings,this influences what you say and do as you conduct your work.

• Character
• None of the above
• Cultural understanding
• Cultural baggage
• Attitude

The effective management of ______________________ internationally is increasingly being recognized as a major determinant of success or failure in international business.

• logistics
• human resources
• personnel
• product life-cycle

Most companies’ uses a combination of several selection methods, including careful examination of the applicant’s past accomplishments, relevant tests, and interviews. In the process of screening applicants, companies are usually concerned about major factors. These are education, adaptability, personal characteristics and money motivation

• True
• False

Through selection or hiring and reduction or terminating process, firms balance the demand for and supply of employees. Once a company assesses the overall staffing needs, managers begin to fill individual jobs.

• True
• False

It is a communication that does not involve the use of words.

• NON VERBAL COMMUNICATION

It is the most traditional format and lists experiences according to the order in which they took place. These résumés generally appeal to older readers and may be best suited for a conservative field.

• CHRONOLOGICAL

Objectives of training are: 1. Improves productivity, the quality and quantity of employees output. 2. Effectiveness in the present job. This involves increasing an individual’s motivation to perform his/her job well. 3. Create more favorable attitudes such as loyalty and cooperation.

• True
• False

This is where the subsidiary might be located.

• host-country

This approach uses natives of the host country to manage operations within their country and parent-country natives to manage at headquarters.

• POLYCENTRIC APPROACH

It uses natives of the parent country of a business to fill key positions at home and abroad. This approach can be useful when new technology is being introduced into another country. It is also useful when prior experience is important.

• ETHNOCENTRIC APPROACH

Refers to expatriates from countries other than the home country of their company or the host country.

• THIRD-COUNTRY NATIONALS

These are the positive and negative ideals, customs, and institutions of a group.

• Norms
• characters
• Values
• Assumptions
• attitudes

Migrant workers often seek countries with favorable immigration policies. If they like working there, they may want to stay and become citizens.

• True
• False

To maintain population and labor supply, women must have 2.1 children on average. When the birth rate falls below this number, the population and labor supply shrink.

• True
• False

It is the next step after job analysis. It deals with the organizing and outlining of duties and responsibilities compress into one single unit for achievement of the desired goal.

• Job Design
• All of the choices
• Forecasting
• Job analysis

The institutions of a society can be just as important to a culture as family relationships. _______________ such as education, gender roles, mobility, and class system also influence people’s lives.

• All of the above
• Community groups
• Social Institution
• Family

Some migrant workers from poor countries are drawn to other countries by abundant opportunity and freedom from want and oppression. Politically stable democratic countries with relatively high living standards are attractive to most migrant workers.

• True
• False

This is where the firm is headquartered.

• home-country

Parent-country nationals and their families need training and development relating to interpersonal relationships. At a minimum, they need to develop survival-skill knowledge in the local language before they are transferred abroad.

• True
• False

Migrant worker are often interested in countries where they will have a future opportunity to become legal citizens of the adopted land. This would occur even conditions are not met.

• True
• False

This is one of the most important job of the HR office.

• staffing

Managers must decide what types of the employees in which locations should receive specific types of training and development. Because of limited resources, companies have to balance needs and potential benefits.

• True
• False

It is a cost incurred when training is conducted. Training and developing employees are major expenses for a company. Managers must decide what types of the employees in which locations should receive specific types of training and development.

• TRAINING COSTS

These are people who live and work outside their native countries

• OFW
• none of the above
• Native nationals
• Expatriates

Incentive is a set of rewards that organizations provide to individuals in return for their willingness to perform various jobs and tasks within the organization.

• True
• False

Training involves establishing clear expectations and understanding about the essential job functions the employee is expected to do.

• True
• False

A low-context culture is one that communicates very directly. These cultures value words and interpret them literally.

• True
• False

The management is complex but is cheaper.

• Regiocentric
• Polycentric
• Geocentric
• Ethnocentric

It deals with the organizing and outlining of duties and responsibilities compress into one single unit for achievement of the desired goal.

• Job design
• Implementing
• None of the above
• Forecasting
• Job analysis

It is a type of résumé that lists your experiences according to skill. This is the format to use if you're changing career direction. Because it displays your skills first, your work experience, or lack thereof, is not the main focus.

• FUNCTIONAL

In the international business world, the appearance counts. the way you dress convey something and it can communicate.

• True
• False

In low-context cultures, people are too concern about being personally embarrassed. In high-context cultures, however, personal embarrassment is alright.

• True
• False

This is also an activity of determining how well an organization utilizes its manpower according to the tasks, efficiency and effectivity of policy, and number of people working.

• Forecasting
• Human Resource Planning
• Planning
• Human Resource Organization
• None of the above

All cultures and subcultures use language to communicate with other societies. Language facilitates international business and organizational transactions.

• True
• False

It combines the best aspects of the chronological and functional styles. Be careful with length for this format; the résumé can quickly get long.

• COMBINATION

Compensation includes all forms of financial returns and tangible services and benefits employees receive as part of an employment relationship.

• True
• False

Human resource planning is a continuous process that identifies present and future human resource needs. This ensures the availability of manpower fit for the job to avoid shortage or surplus

• True
• False

Without language, conducting effective and efficient human resource management would be difficult. Many Languages are used to be the language of international business.

• True
• False

Migrant settlers leave home and family behind. They seek perceived opportunities to have such things as better job, higher incomes, and improved living standards

• True
• False

Managers working for international companies need a variety of training and development. International managers need job-related training, information about languages and relationships, extensive training in the host country’s culture and spousal employment counseling.

• True
• False

It shape the personal and professional behaviors of labor/manpower everywhere. Your behavior in your work will be guided by the standards that are deemed permissible in the country’s business __.

• SUBCULTURES

These are the ideas about the nature of a person, thing, or concept.

• Values
• Norms
• Beliefs
• Assumption
• Culture

They are natives of the country in which they work. For skilled, technical, and managerial workers, firms have several options. They can sometimes hire these workers locally

• Third-country nationals
• All of the above
• Host-country nationals
• Parent-country nationals

It is a group that consists as a parent or parents and unmarried children living together.

• big family
• extended family
• nuclear family
• molecular family
• atomic family

Managers need training in job-related issues. For example, they need to be aware of the current economic, legal, and political environments. They need to be aware of managerial practices within their areas of responsibility.

• True
• False

Getting the right balance of legally employed migrant workers is hard. Sometimes illegal migrant laborers sneak into the country, disrupting the labor supply and creating social problems. Managing migrant workers so that supply equals the demand is challenging for many countries.

• True
• False

It deprives local workers of the opportunity to fill key positions. This could lower the morale and the productivity of local workers.

• ETHNOCENTRIC

This includes the relationship between both the family unit and society. These components affects not only the entire culture, but also many other institutions, including the business community.

• Community groups
• Social organization
• cultural belongings
• Social partisan
• None of the above

It is a one or two sentence overview of your short-term professional goals and explanation of why you’re seeking employment.

• CAREER OBJECTIVES

The ______________ is also different across countries than within the countries due to difference in hygiene, health care, nourishment, training and educational opportunities.

• rest rooms
• labor supplies
• managers
• promotions

A global communication that provides information needed in decision making.

• INFORMATION FUNCTION

It is estimating in advance the types and numbers of employees needed.

• EMPLOYEE FORECASTING

The delivery of information is quick and it provides an opportunity for a quick feedback.

• VERBAL COMMUNICATION

Workers must come from other countries to maintain the supply of labor and to maintain the level of economic activity. Countries with low birth rates and growing economies have strong need for migrant workers.

• True
• False

It is a continuous process that identifies present and future human resource needs. This ensures the availability of manpower fit for the job to avoid shortage or surplus.

• None of the above
• Selection and Recruitment
• Directing
• Human Resource Planning
• Forecasting

Training and development are an investment in the future of the company. The better trained and developed the employees are, the greater the likelihood that the company will be successful.

• True
• False

Special counseling may be needed if the manager has a working spouse. Increasingly both partners work, and career moves that are beneficial to one may not be beneficial to the other. Determining if the spouse can work in the country is important in many employment decisions.

• True
• False

This exists when there is an imperfection in understanding of the link between a firm’s resources and competitive advantage.

• causal ambiguity
• modal ambiguity
• social ambiguity
• norm ambiguity

This is one type of employees from an international firm.

• PCN

It is defined as an formal organizational effort and activity that focus on continuous manpower development for increase productivity, and employee’s self and professional improvement for the purposes of the attainment of organizational goals.

• Training

It is a process of continuous collection of information about responsibilities, duties, skills, results and work environment relevant to the design of tasks/jobs to be performed.

• Job analysis
• Job design
• Planning and budgeting
• None of the above
• Forecasting

The policy should facilitate the transfer of international employees in the most ___________ manner for the organization.

• logical
• diverse
• cost-effective
• complicated

People can prepare themselves for a variety of international careers by understanding and strengthen the personal and foundational skills.

• True
• False

Employees from the host countries have different expectations from their ______________________ than do the home country employees.

• job and workplace
• bosses and supplies
• job descriptions and bosses
• supplies and parties

A __ is a means of dividing the member of a cultural group into various levels. The levels can be based upon such factors as education, occupation, heritage, conferred or inherited status (nobility), and income. In some cultures, you can move from one class to another.

• CLASS SYSTEM

Human resource management has evolved distinctly from the beginning, from the late 1900’s industrial revolution up to the present’s digital age, termed as ______________________ whose function is to recruit, and supervise personnel’s basic corporate function.

• Personnel Management
• People Management
• All of the above
• Labor Management

As the success of domestic business depends on its human resources, the success of a multinational company depends on ___________________________.

• international human resource management

There are several reasons why parent-country nationals fail. The employee may be unable to adjust to a different physical and cultural environment. The spouse or other family members may be unable to adjust to a different physical and cultural environment. And, the employee’s emotional maturity can be seriously strained by an overseas assignment.

• True
• False

Objectives of manpower developement: Improves productivity, the quality and quantity of employees output. Effectiveness in the present job. This involves increasing an individual’s motivation to perform his/her job well. Create more favorable attitudes such as loyalty and cooperation. Helps employees in their personal development and advancement. Help organization respond to dynamic market conditions and changing customer demands. Satisfy human resource planning requirements.

• True
• False

The ILO also provides assistance drafting national legislation and help countries address problems in legislation and practice in compliance with international labour standards

• True
• False

External influences doesn't have an influence on job change

• True
• False

It relates to the ability to perform. It consist of a number of dimensions. One important dimension is technical knowledge.

• COMPETENCE

The attempts to determine the supply and demand for various types of human resources to predict areas within the organization where there will be future labor shortages or surpluses.

• Forecasting

The demand for _____________________ is different in different firms and it is more different across the countries than it is within the countries due differences in availability of capital, practices and social and cultural norms.

• motivation
• human interaction
• incentive
• labor

It is a group that consists of parents, children, and other relatives living together.

• Large family
• Nuclear family
• Extended family
• Big family

The primary difference between domestic human resource management and international human resource management is ________________________________.

• the higher academic requirements and responsibilities
• the added knowledge and training development
• the added knowledge and years in service
• the added knowledge and responsibilities

It is the idea that you carry your beliefs, values, and assumptions with you all times.

• CULTURAL BAGGAGE

These are the personnel who reside abroad but are citizens of the parent country of the multinational enterprises.

• locals
• foreigners
• expatriates

It is managing of people in the form of a collective relationship between management and employees.

• Human Resource Management
• All of the above
• Organizational Management
• Strategic Management

These are ideas that taken for granted as facts.

• Values
• beliefs
• All of the above
• Norms
• Assumptions

Advantage of written communication are: 1. Formal and authoritative 2. Provides permanent record of what have been said 3. Provides document useful for legal purposes

• True
• False

Formulating recruitment strategy, Searching for job applicants, Screening applicants, Maintaining pool of applicants

• Hiring
• Recruitment
• Training
• All of the above
• Appointing

It is a subset of a larger culture. It may have some values, beliefs, and assumptions that are different than the larger culture of which it is a part.

• none of the above
• Norms
• Sub-culture
• Values
• beliefs

The three broad human resource activities are procurement, allocation, and ____________.

• utilization

In the _________ competition, the social complexity and causal ambiguity act as a barrier to imitation.

• national
• local
• global
• international

The factors behind labor migration are simple. They include the need for, attractiveness to, and accessibility to migrant laborers.

• True
• False

It is determining if there are sufficient types and numbers of employees available

• SUPPLY ANALYSIS

It is the practice or activity carried on by the organization with the primary purpose of identifying and attracting potential employees. It thus creates a buffer between planning and actual selection of new employees.

• HUMAN RESOURCE RECRUITMENT

The delivery of information is quick in non-verbal communication, and it provides an opportunity for a quick feedback.

• True
• False

Where management takes the MNC as a single organization and encourages employees from all over the world to be promoted within the business.

• geocentric
• localized
• glocalized
• regiocentric

They may be the source of labor or finance.

• other countries

A resume should be prepared in both print and electronic formats and be deigned to make good impression.

• True
• False

The need for migrant laborers is influenced by level of economic activity. Unless there are enough laborers, both economic activity and governmental income suffer.

• True
• False

IHR management is involved in how the company manages employee ____________ and benefits.

• compensation

It is a system of learned, shared unifying and interrelated beliefs, values, and assumptions

• Norms
• Culture
• Beliefs
• Values
• Assumption

Employee-employee relationship, also known as industrial relations, refers to the system in which employers, workers and their representatives and, directly or indirectly, the government interact to set the ground rules for the governance of work relationships.

• True
• False

This approach is helpful in politically sensitive situation because the managers are culturally sensitive locals, not foreigners.

• POLYCENTRIC APPROACH

It is the only tripartite U.N. agency, established in 1919. It unites the governments, employers and workers of the 187 member nations and countries, to set labor standards, develop policies and devise programs that promote decent and conducive work and working environment for all men and women worldwide.

• International Labor Organization
• None of the choices
• Interorganizational Labor Firm
• National Labor Union

Relevant knowledge, skills and attitudes must be developed in order to be qualified for international careers. Knowledge, skills and attitude fall in two broad categories: General education and business education, for people who have interest in business and people interactions and management.

• True
• False

Managers and their families need cross-cultural training. They need to understand various dimensions of the local culture. Also, managers need realistic training about everyday life in the host country.

• True
• False

Proportion of working-age population. Which influences by the birth rate and life expectancy of the population of the country. In many developed countries, not enough children are born to replace workers as they retire.

• True
• False

When the personnel of host country are employed, there is no problem for them to know about the customs, culture, and ______________.

• people
• music
• address
• language

Written communication includes memos, notice-boards, and letters to staff, emails, faxes, internal newspapers, chats and instant text messaging.

• True
• False

Attractiveness is considered a factor influencing migrant workers. Some countries are more appealing than others to migrant laborers. Things that influence attractiveness include having a growing developed economy, a welcoming multicultural society, and a high quality of education.

• True
• False

The objective of compensation management is to create a system of reward that is equitable to the employer and employee alike. It also covers the practice of administration, design and implementation of total reward package suitable for employees.

• True
• False