Respiratory Care Science

What are Cillia?

• Hair like structure in the lining of the respiratory System

Intercostal muscle helps gas exchange by causing the ribs to move out allowing the lungs to fill with air

• True
• False

The most comfortable position for the client with COPD is:

• Semi-Fowler's pisition
• Sitting upright leaning forward
• Lateral position
• High-Fowler's position

acts as a trapdoor, which prevent from food and liquid entering the trachea during swallowing

• larynx
• pharynx
• trachea
• epiglottis

Which respiratory illness is caused by an allergen like pet hair?

• tuberculosis
• asthma
• common colds
• bronchitis

The patient below has hypertension. His BP is probably...

• 80/40 mmHg
• 120/80 mmHg
• 150/100 mmHg

We breathe in carbon dioxide and breathe out oxygen

• True
• False

A client with chest tube has accidentally removed it. What should be done first?

• Lie the client down on the left side.
• Lie the client on the right side.
• Apply an occlusive dressing over the site.
• Reinsert the chest tube that fell out.

A person with Type AB+ blood has Rh antigens on their blood cells.

• True
• False

The nurse enters the room of a client with COPD. The client's oxygen is running at 8L/min. The nurse's best initial nursing action is:

• Check the doctor's order
• Lower the oxygen rate at 2L/min
• Take the vital sign
• Put the client in Fowler's position

The organ shown below is responsible for:

• Removing CO2 from the blood
• Bringing air into the lungs
• Causing the lungs to inflate

Larynx is also known as ___________________

• Voice Box

Which helps fight against viruses and bacteria?

• Red blood cells
• White blood cells
• Plasma

The nurse comes into the patient's room and discovers that the patient's pulse oximetry reading is 91%. The nurse should first:

• Notify the Rapid Response Team
• Assess the patient's respiratory status
• Apply supplemental oxygen
• Place patient in high-Fowler's position

Veins carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart.

• True
• False

A nurse is reviewing the ABG values and notes a pH of 7.42, a PCO2 of 55 mm Hg, and a HCO3 of 24 mEq/L. What does the nurse interpret these values as?

• Uncompensated respiratory alkalosis
• Compensated respiratory alkalosis
• Compensated respiratory acidosis
• Uncompensated respiratory acidosis

It is the inflammation and swelling of the mucous membrane of the nose, characterized by a runny nose and stuffiness and usually caused by the common cold or a seasonal allergy.

• Tonsilitis
• Sinuses
• Rhinitis
• Common colds

Which of the following is a normal finding in the aging adult?

• Anteroposterior diameter increases
• Residual volume decreases
• Airways close late
• Ability to cough increases

How are the left lung and right lung different from each other? (2pts)

Associated with group of lung diseases

• COPD
• Emphysema
• Common colds
• Influenza

Which of the following describes an ANTIGEN?

• Virus
• Bacteria
• Dust

Is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs. The air sacs may fill with fluid or pus

• Emphysema
• Pneumonia
• Influenza
• Tuberculosis

5. X is...

• Pharynx

Which things should be observed during a community quarantine?

It is a cancerous growth that invades and destroys lung tissue.

• Pneumonia
• Lung cancer
• Asthma
• Emphysema

Which are the main organs in the respiratory system?

• Heart
• Stomach
• Lungs
• Nose

receives air from the nasal cavity and air, food, and water from the oral cavity

• larynx
• pharynx
• trachea
• esohpagus

It is a cone-shaped passage way leading to trachea.

• Pharynx
• Larynx
• Bronchi
• Nasal Cavity

The alveoli is lined with _?_ for gas exchange.

• Ciliated Cells
• Guard Cells
• Blood Capillaries
• Bronchi

Which of the following could be considered a pathogen?

• Dust
• Pollen
• Bacteria

Also known as flu. Cause by a virus that attacks your respiratory system — your nose, throat and lungs.

• Influenza
• URTI -Cold
• Pneumonia
• Bronchitis

A nurse is caring for a patient who had a surgical placement of a tracheostomy 48 hours ago. What should the nurse's initial action be if tube dislodgement occurs?

• Re-insert the tube and notify the physician
• Place a 4x4 sterile gauze over the stoma to prevent infection
• Obtain the patient's vital signs
• Ventilate the patient using a manual resuscitation bag as another nurse notifies for help from the resuscitation team

A patient with a chronic lung disease arrives on the med-surg unit. Which delivery system would offer the most precise oxygen concentration for this patient?

• Nonrebreather
• Venturi facemask
• Nasal cannula
• Face tent

The process of using oxygen to break down sugar in food, producing energy (ATP) in cells and releasing carbon dioxide as a waste product.

• Breathing
• Internal Respiration
• External Respiration
• Cellular Respiration

Lymphocytes are:

• A type of red blood cell that carries oxygen
• A type of white blood cell that fights viruses and bacteria
• A type of pathogen

What do you call the flap of cartilage which prevents the food from entering the trachea?

• tonsils
• uvula
• epiglottis
• pharynx

A permanent and irreversible destruction of alveolar walls, resulting in loss of lung elasticity and gas exchange surface.

• Asthma
• Bronchitis
• Emphysema
• Pneumonia

Which of the following breathing techniques does the nurse teache a client with pulmonary emphysema that will assist in exhalation?

• Push on abdomen during exhalation.
• Sit in high-Fowler's position with legs extended
• Lean forward 30 to 40 degrees with each exhalation.
• Sit up with shoulders back.

2. The gas we breathe out is...

• H²O
• O²
• CO²
• He

Each bronchus leads into a lung and branches into smaller and smaller ______________, resembling an inverted tree.

• BRONCHIOLES

___________ are air sacs at the end of bronchioles where gas exchange takes place.

• ALVEOLI

Which part of the Respiratory System plays a major role in speech?

• nose
• pharynx
• larynx
• trachea

What do you call a system responsible for breathing?

• Respiratory System

Choose two things that happen during inhalation.

It is located from the mouth until the

• lungs

A client with emphysema is observed to have labored breathing and exhibits slow, shallow respiration.. This endangers him to develop :

• Respiratory alkalosis
• Respiratory acidosis
• Metabolic alkalosis
• Metabolic acidosis

The other name for Wind Pipe

• Trachea
• Larynx
• Diaphragm
• Bronchioles

Colds do not have a cure, but its symptoms can be relieved by taking enough rest and drinking lots of fluids

• True
• False

The material found in the ears and tip of the nose that holds the trachea open

• cartilage

the left lung is separated by what fissures?

• oblique fissure
• horizontal fissure

Before starting on Isoniazid (INH), a client will probably have which of the following laboratory tests?

• AST and ALT
• BUN, serum creatinine
• Serum glucose level
• Blood uric acid level

What is/are the function/s of the respiratory system?

One of the functions of Respiratory system is to takes up oxygen from air and supplies it to blood (for cellular respiration).

• TRUE
• FALSE

The nurse is suctioning a patient with an endotracheal tube. Which of the following is a correct technique for this procedure?

• Suction for 5 seconds
• Apply suction during insertion
• Suction the mouth before suctioning the airway
• Hyperoxygenate before and after suctioning

This is a tube about 12cm long with c-shaped rings of cartilage to keep it open

• Nasal cavity
• Trachea
• Mouth Cavity
• Pharynx

Air enters __________, is filtered by hairs, warmed, moistened, and sampled for odors as it flows through a maze of nasal passages.

• NOSTRILS

internal respiration

• happens in the lungs
• happens in the tissues

Act of taking air in and out of the lungs.

• Breathing
• Internal Respiration
• External Respiration
• Cellular Respiration

A 19-year old client comes to the emergency department with acute asthma. His respiratory rate is 44 bpm and he appears in acute respiratory distress. Which of the following actions should be taken first?

• Take a full nursing history
• Administer bronchodilator by nebulizer
• Provide emotional support to the client
• Administer oxygen 6L/m

In the alveoli, red blood cells gets the __.

• oxygen

4. Where does diffusion happens?

• Bronchiole
• Nostrils
• Trachea
• Alveolus

While auscultating a 65-year-old patient, the nurse hears bronchovesicular breath sounds over the lung fields. How does this nurse interpret this finding?

• Pulmonary consolidation
• This is a normal finding
• Bronchitis
• Pleural effusion

As the nurse auscultates the patient, she hears a popping, discontinuous sound over the lung fields. This type of adventitious sound is known as:

• Wheezes
• Crackles
• Resonance
• Pleural friction rub

How do organisms obtain oxygen?

• by process of blood transfusion
• by process of ingestion and digestion
• by process of gas exchange
• by process of excretion

voluntary (exhale); involuntary (inhale)

• true
• false

Which clinical manifestation is the main sign of lung disease?

• Dyspnea
• Hemoptysis
• Cough
• Hoarseness

List down 2 components of the air we breathe in.

The acessory muscles of the respiratory system are

• they are sternocledomastoid, platysma and scalene muscles of the neck

What do you call the process of inhalation and exhalation?

• Respiration

It is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease where in the air sacs in the lungs become damaged and stretched.

• emphysema
• lung cancer
• pneumonia
• tuberculosis

While the nurse interviews a patient, he verbalizes that he has difficulty breathing during sleep and uses three pillows for relief. The nurse notes that he may be experiencing :

• Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
• Orthopnea
• Hyperventilation
• Claudication

What part of the Respiratory System allows the exchange of gases?

• alveoli

The client had undergone total laryngectomy. He has permanent tracheostomy. Which of the following action needs intervention during tracheal suctioning?

• The nurse dons sterile gloves and uses sterile suction catheter.
• The nurse administers 100% oxygen before and after the suctioning.
• The nurse applies suction for 30 seconds at a time.
• The nurse applies suction during withdrawal of the suction catheter tip.

The blood vessels that carry blood to and from the lungs are called the p________________ artery and vein.

• pulmonary

1. What is the system that help us breathe?

• Respiratory System
• Excretion System
• Circulatory System
• Digestive System

10. What is the name of the process above?

• Excretion
• Exhale
• Inhale
• Diffusion

suspension of breathing. There is no movement of muscles of inhalation and the volume of the lungs initially remains unchanged

• emphysema
• asthma
• pneumonia
• apnea

Kristina has type AB blood. She was in a major car accident and needs a blood transfusion! Which blood types can she receive?

• A and B only
• A, B, AB and O

What part of blood is shown here?

• Red blood cells
• White blood cells
• Plasma

The disease causes inflammation of the lungs' air sacs, which become filled with pus or fluid

• Tuberculosis
• Pneumonia
• Emphysema
• Lung Cancer

An inflammation of the mucous membranes of the bronchi. May present with cough, fever, chest or back pain, and fatigue.

• Pneumonia
• Lung cancer
• Bronchitis
• Emphysema

•At the bottom of the cavity is a large, flat muscle known as the _____________.

• diaphragm

A nurse is monitoring a patient who has a chest tube drainage system and notices that there is gentle bubbling in the suction control chamber. What is the appropriate nursing action for this scenario?

• Document this finding.
• Check to see if the chest tube is blocked or kinked
• Check for an air leak
• Notify the physician immediately

Flu is a contagious illness caused by several influenza viruses.

• True
• False

A 49-year old client with cancer of the lung just had thoracentesis. The nurse would position the client:

• On the affected side
• On the unaffected side
• Semi-fowler's position
• On his back

Which chamber of the heart is shown here?

• Right atrium
• Right ventricle
• Left atrium
• Left ventricle

A client has active TB. Which of the following clinical manifestations will he exhibit?

• Chest and lower backpain
• Headache and fever
• Fever, night sweats, chills, hemoptysis
• Fever of more than 140F and nausea

__________ exchange takes place in the alveoli.

• Gas

Also known as the voice box that extends from the root of the tongue (very important for voice speech: vocal cords)

• larynx
• pharynx
• trachea
• esohpagus

measure the maximum amount of air a person can exhale after taking a deep breath

• vital capacity

A client was admitted to the hospital with client chest pain and shortness of breath. Arterial blood gases were: pH=7.52, pCO2= 27, HCO3= 22. These values indicate:

• Respiratory alkalosis
• Respiratory acidosis
• Metabolic alkalosis
• Metabolic acidosis

A nurse is administering oxygen to a patient who has hypoxemia and hypercarbia. Which oxygen delivery system is appropriate for this patient?

• Nonrebreather mask
• Nasal cannula at 2L/min
• Nasal cannula at 4L/min
• Simple facemask at 5L/min

NUMBER 2:

• Pharynx
• Bronchi
• Alveoli
• Lungs

What do you call the tiny hair-like structures inside the nasal cavity that filters dust and dirt from the air we breathe?

• flagella
• vellus hair
• cilia
• nostrils

What are the functions of the Respiratory System? List down at least 2 functions. (2pts)1.2.

What condition is caused by allergens that may generate itchiness, watery eyes and swollen eyelids

• Asthma
• Allergy
• Common Cold
• Flu

Also known as the windpipe

• larynx
• pharynx
• trachea
• esohpagus

Caused by inhaling tar in cigarrette smoke

• Bronchitis
• Lung cancer
• Asthma
• Respiratory infections

_____________ is the actual mechanical intake of air.

• Breathing

A person with asthma uses this because it helps to:

• Relax the muscles around the bronchioles
• Increase the heart rate
• Make the diaphragm contract to increase breathing

Give 1 way of taking care of respiratory system

Where are lymphocytes found in the body?

• In the blood plasma
• In the muscles
• In the nerve cells

8. What happens to diaphragm when we breathe in?2 answers.

Air enters the body through the __?__

• Nose and Mouth

What is the other term for pharyngitis?

• sore throat

A condition in which your airways narrow and swell and produce extra mucus. This can make breathing difficult and trigger coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath.

• Flu
• Common cold
• Allergy
• Asthma

These structures produce a mucus that moisturizes the inside of the nose which protect the nose from pollutants, micro-organisms, dust and dirt.

• nasal cavity
• nostrils
• tonsils
• sinuses

NUMBER 3:

• Pharynx
• Trachea
• Bronchi
• Alveoli

Structures in the nose that trap bacteria and dirt

• pores
• cilia

The part of the skeleton that protects the lungs

• ribs

What happens to the diaphragm when we inhale?

• it moves up
• it moves down
• it relaxes

Other term for trachea is windpipe.

• TRUE
• FALSE

What blood vessels are shown here?

• Pulmonary veins
• Pulmonary arteries
• Aorta
• Descending aorta

The patient is scheduled to have a pulmonary function test. Further instruction is needed when she states:

• " I should use my atenolol right away before the test."
• "I shouldn't smoke 6 hours beforehand."
• "I should only breathe through my mouth."
• "This test will help identify the cause of my shortness of breath."
• Atenolol is a bronchodilator that must be withheld 4-6 hours before the procedure as to not skew the results

What is the importance of the hair in the nose?

COPD means _____________________________

• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

The respiratory system is a part of the

• autonomic nervous system

Given the following structures:1. larynx2. nasal cavity3. pharynx4. tracheaWhich of the following is the correct order that air would flow during inhalation.

• 1,2,3,4
• 2,3,1,4
• 2,1,3,4
• 4,2,3,1

6. Y.......?

• Trachea

9. What is the gas that diffuse and into the blood capillary?

• CO²
• O²
• CO
• SO²

What is the site of gas exchange?

• alveoli
• nose
• lung
• bronchi

Is one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths among men and women.

• Lung Cancer
• Influenza
• Common Cold
• Pneumonia

NUMBER 6:

• Lungs
• Trachea
• Mouth
• Alveoli

What happens to the diaphragm during inhalation?

• Stays the Same
• Flattens
• Relaxes
• Contracts

The bronchi (tube to the lungs) is divided into 2 __________ (left and right tubes). Each end of them have air sacs for gas exchange.

• bronchioles

Which is/ are part/s of the respiratory system?

A nurse is providing discharge instructions for a tracheostomy patient. Which statement indicates that the patient understands tracheostomy care?

• "I will increase the humidity in my home."
• "I can no longer have showers anymore."
• "Before suctioning, I should wash my hands."
• "If I stick a large cottonball in the airway, I won't be able to breathe."

____________________ are also called the air sacs.

• Alveoli

– inflammatory condition of lungs affecting primarily the alveoli (may tubig sa lungs)

• emphysema
• asthma
• pneumonia
• apnea

Which is NOT a symptom of a heart attack?

• Shortness of breath
• Pain in the chest area
• Slurred speech

It is a hair like structure that moves the mucus up and out of the body through sneezing and coughing.

• Cartilage
• Cilia
• Capillaries
• Sinus

What are the first defense of the Respiratory System against foreign debris entering the body?

• Antibodies
• Blood
• Skin
• Cilia and Mucus

7. Z is...

• Diaphragm

Two short tubes that carry air into the lungs

• Trachea
• Bronchioles
• Lungs
• Bronchi

Taylor has type O+ blood and needs a blood transfusion. What kinds of blood could she receive?

• A- and O-
• O- and O+
• A-, A+, B- and B+

Intersection where pathway for air and food cross. Most of the time, the pathway for air is open, except when we swallow is called ___________________.

• Pharynx

What do you call the main muscle for respiration?

• diaphragm

A 40-year old male returned ti his room an hour ago following bronchoscopy. He is requesting for a glass of water. The nurse must first:

• Keep the client on NPO until an order is written.
• Check the vital sign.
• Check the gag reflex and swallowing reflexes.
• Encourage deep breathing and coughing.

It is an acute inflammation of the lungs. Symptoms include high fever, chills, headache, cough, and chest pain.

• Pneumonia
• Lung cancer
• Bronchitis
• Emphysema

What do you call the process of taking out air from the lungs?

• exhalation

The organ shown below is the:

• Diaphragm
• Trachea
• Pharynx

What blood vessel surrounds the alveoli and absorbs the air that we breathe?

• Capillaries
• Veins
• Arteries

what is the primary muscle for inhalation

• diaphragm

What would be the best advice for this man, who has hypertension?

• Don't consume so much sugar.
• Try to reduce the cholesterol in your diet.
• Get more sleep each night.

The right lung has two lobes while the left lung has three lobes.

• TRUE
• FALSE

Your patient Kelly has a blood pressure reading of 115/80 mmHg. You tell her:

• Your blood pressure is just fine!
• Careful - your blood pressure is dangerously low.
• Watch your cholesterol intake; your blood pressure is higher than normal.

Alveoli are not in clusters.

• True
• False

where gas exchange occurs

• alveoli

Most of the time, the pathway for air is open, except when we swallow.

• TRUE
• FALSE

The muscular structure that helps to expand and contract the lungs, forcing air in and out is the _______.

• biceps
• gluteus maximus
• abdomen
• diaphragm

the average respiratory rate is 12 to 15 breaths/minute

• true
• false

The arrow below is pointing to the:

• Trachea
• Pharynx
• Diaphgram

A condition in which breathing is impaired by constriction of bronchi and bronchioles, cough, and thick mucus secretions.

• Asthma
• Bronchitis
• Emphysema
• Pneumonia

3. What is the compound in red blood cell?

• Oxyhaemoglobin
• Haemoglobin
• Haemogoblin
• Heamoglobin

thicker, wider and shorter bronchus

• right bronchus
• left bronchus

A 53-year-old patient reports smoking two packs of cigarettes per day for the past 35 years. Calculate the pack-years for this patient.

• 17.5
• 35
• 70
• 106

When we inhale:

shortness of breath. Damaged air sacs in the alveoli

• emphysema
• asthma
• pneumonia
• apnea

Which of the following would be considered most normal in the water - seal chamber withig the first 24 hours postoperatively with a two-bottle water-seal drainage?

• No fluctuation in the water - seal tube
• Intermittent, slight bubbling from the water-seal tube
• Bright-red blood bloody drainage
• Continuous bubbling in the water-seal tube

the right lung is separated by what fissures?

While assessing a trachostomy patient, the nurse notices that there is a crackling sensation around the neck. The nurse suspects this complication as:

• Pneumothorax
• Tracheomalacia
• Subcutaneous emphysema
• Trachea-innominate artery fistula

Inside the lungs, the bronchi divide into smaller tubes. At the end of these tubes, there are tiny air sacs called ______.

• uvula
• epiglottis
• bronchioles
• alveoli

Oxygen – carried in the blood + haemoglobin =

• oxyhaemoglobin
• carbaminohaemoglobin

The respiratory system helps add carbon dioxide to the blood from the heart.

• True
• False

A 52 yera old client is being discharged following laryngectomy for cancer of the larynx. Prior to discharge, the nurse assesses the following psychomotor skills:

• Administering injections, changing dressing and chest physiotherapy
• Taking the blood pressure, pulse rate and monitoring serum glucose
• Suctioning and caring for tracheostomies and tracheostomy tube
• Tube feeding, taking aerosol medications and taking blood pressure

What happens to the diaphragm during exhalation?

• Stays the Same
• Moves downard
• Relaxes
• Contracts

What muscle allows air to enter the trachea instead of the esophagus?

• Epiglottis

Carbon Dioxide– excreted and transported by the lungs + haemoglobin =

• oxyhaemoglobin
• carbaminohaemoglobin

The nurse teaches an adolescent who has had a tonsillectomy which of the following?

• Avoid coughing and cleaning the throat the first week postoperatively.
• Do not eat or drink anything for the first 24 hours.
• If your stool is black for the first few days postop, notify the doctor.
• Avoid cold beverages to prevent irritation of the throat.

What part of the respiratory system is known as the voice box?

• Pharynx
• Trachea
• Larynx
• Bronchi

common long term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs

• emphysema
• asthma
• pneumonia
• apnea

Which part is the site of gas exchange?

• nostrils
• bronchi
• trachea
• alveolus

Pleurisy is the inflammation of the _______.

• lungs
• trachea
• alveoli
• pleura

What blood vessel is shown here?

• Aorta
• Superior vena cava
• Pulmonary artery
• Pulmonary vein

What aspiration precaution measures should the nurse implement to the 78-year-old patient with a tracheostomy? (Select all that apply.)

A 37-year-old patient is admitted to the ED with dyspnea, tachypnea and pink, frothy sputum. The nurse determines that the patient is experiencing:

• Lung abscess
• Neck trauma
• Cor pulmonale
• Pulmonary embolism

Pharynx is also known as ________________

• Throat

A 70-year old patient calls 911 because she is worried about strange symptoms she has been having for the last 20 minutes. She cannot feel the right side of her body, and her vision is blurry. You tell her....

• You are having a stroke!
• You are having an asthma attack!
• You are having a heart attack!

What internal respiration serves for?

• Generate Carbon Dioxide
• Generate Carbon Monoxide
• Generate ATP
• Generate nails
• Generate the trachea

Carbon dioxide in the blood diffuses into the alveolus.

• TRUE
• FALSE

Which of the following will the nurse interpret as positive Mantaux test?

• Redness greater than 5mm.
• Swelling greater than 7mm.
• Induration greater than 20mm.
• Exudates covering more than 12mm.

A heart attack usually occurs because:

• The alveoli are inflamed
• The coronary artery is blocked by a blood clot
• An artery in the brain bursts

The Upper Respiratory System has three parts namely: Nasal Cavity, Pharynx, and _______________.

• Larynx

The drug of choice in the treatment of histoplasmosis is:

• Streptomycin
• Rifampicin
• Paraaminosalicyclic acid (PAS)
• Amphotericin B

NUMBER 1:

• lungs
• pharynx
• mouth
• alveoli

Inside the lungs, the bronchi divide into smaller tubes. At the end of these tubes, there are tiny sacs called...

• Pharynx
• Trachea
• Lungs
• Alveoli

Suggest 5 ways to improve your respiratory health. (5pts)1.2.3.4.5.

What is the normal number of breaths per minute?

• 12 to 16 with 2 seconds separation
• 30 to 35 with 4 seconds separation
• 10 to 18 with 2 seconds separation
• 5 to 8 with 5 seconds separation
• 10 to 18 with 4 seconds separation

The diaphragm separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity

• True
• False

Common cold is caused by a bacterial infection.

• TRUE
• FALSE

Tonsils are part of the larynx.

• TRUE
• FALSE

What are Bronchioles?

• Subdivisions of bronchi
• Part of the trachea
• Where gas exchanges happen
• Cartilages of the larynx
• Parts of the diaphragm

What is the first part of the respiratory system?

• Pharynx
• Larynx
• Mouth
• Nose
• Trachea

A postop patient who had a bronchoscopy two hours ago is NPO and states that he is hungry. What should the nurse do?

• Notify the physician
• Calmly tell the patient that he must remain NPO until another four hours
• Order food since the patient is A&O
• Check for a gag reflex return

A nurse is caring for a patient who had a thoracentesis eight hours ago. While assessing the patient, the nurse observes that the patient has a rapid heart rate, rapid, shallow respirations, and has absent breath sounds to the left upper lobe of the lung. The nurse interprets this complication as:

• Pulmonary embolism
• Pneumothorax
• Respiratory distress
• Flail chest

Pharynx is also known as the _______.

• throat
• windpipe
• voice box

A person who has B antigens present but no Rh antigens would be:

• B-
• A+
• B+

The pharynx contains vocal cords, which allow us to make sounds by voluntarily tensing muscles.

• TRUE
• FALSE

Which of the following additional assessment data should immediately be gathered to determine the status of a client with a respiratory rate of 4 breaths/minute?

• ABG and breath sounds
• Level of consciousness and a pulse oximetry values
• Breath sounds and reflexes
• Heart sounds and reflexes

Blood pressure is a measure of the force of blood on the walls of the arteries.

• True
• False

Which blood vessel is shown here?

• Aorta
• Inferior vena cava
• Pulmonary artery
• Superior vena cava

What Happens during Aerobic respiration?

When we breathe out, the ____________ leaves our lungs.

• Carbon dioxide
• Oxygen

Which is the correct passage of air from the environment to the inside of the body?

• nose, lungs, trachea, bronchi
• trachae, nose, bronchi, lungs
• nose, trachea, bronchi, lungs
• trachae,bronchi, lungs, nose

A 74-year old is diagnosed with tuberculosis. Which of the following laboratory reports most accurately confirms the diagnosis?

• Chest X-ray
• Sputum culture
• Complete blood count
• Mantoux test

Which of the following statements best describes ARDS?

• Alveoli are overdistended.
• Alveoli are fluid filled.
• Alveoli are filled with mucus secretions.
• Alveoli have increased perfusion.

external respiration

• happens in the lungs
• happens in the tissues