Massage Therapy

When using essential oils during a massage therapy session.....

• Be sure to use the "more is better" approach when determining how much of an oil to use.
• If a client has a negative reaction to an oil, make sure you never use it on them again.
• Explain the use of therapeutic essential oils to the client and ask them if they're comfortable with you incorporating them in their massage session.

The term used to refer to someone who is 70 years of age or older is

• Geriatric
• Elderly
• Pediatric
• Geritol

Origins: ribs 1-9 (lateral to costal cartilage)Insertion: anterior medial border of the scapulaActions: protracts, upwardly rotates, and depresses the scapulaNote: one of the "boxer's muscles"

• Trapezius
• Serratus Anterior
• Rhomboids
• Supraspinatus

Trigger points in _____ have a primary referral pattern going downward to the back of the knee. Spillover patterns may go farther down into the calf and upward into the thigh.Semitendinosus/semimembranosus.

• Gluteus maximus.
• Gluteus minimus.
• Piriformis.
• Biceps femoris.
• Semitendinosus/semimembranosus.

You cannot use deep pressure with hot stones. True or False?

• True
• False

A client who has a severe reaction to an essential oil, more than likely.....

• Has levels of toxicity in their body which would need to be addressed by a qualified healthcare practitioner.
• Is allergic to the essential oil.
• Has never used essential oils before.

During massage, respiration is affected how and by what mechanism?

• Increased by stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
• Decreased by stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
• Increased by stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system
• Decreased by stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system

Friction is extremely useful in a circular motion (generally anti-clockwise) on the small muscles that Petrissage is not able to reach.

• True
• False

If a person lifts his or her arm into the air and this motion occurs at the shoulder joint, which of the following describes what happens to the hand?

• It exhibits true movement.
• It does not change its position or location (or both) in space at all.
• It "goes along for the ride".
• None of these choices is correct.

What is the concept of energy called in Japanese?

• Ki
• Chi
• Prana
• Ether

Which of the following is NOT a guideline for proper body mechanics?

• Stretch
• Lean or Sit correctly
• Lift correctly
• Get in front of your work

What is the insertion for pectoralis major?

• Medial clavicle
• Medial bicipital groove
• Sternum
• Lateral bicipital groove

General full-body massage has been shown to stimulate vagal function. Which of the following clients would most benefit from massage when the beneficial outcomes can be attributed to vagal nerve function?

• A client with digestive disturbances
• A client with minor facial paralysis
• A client with gate dysfunction
• A client with generalized edema

If a therapist has broken skin on the fingers, hands, forearms, or elbows or comes into contact with the body fluids such as blood, mother's milk, or semen, the handwashing procedure should take how long?

• Fifteen seconds
• Thirty seconds
• One minute
• Two minutes

What is the small, superficial muscle located on the lateral side of the upper thigh which attaches to the iliotibial tract?

Tapotement movements ___________. (Tick all that apply)

The best thing a massage therapist can do to prevent the spread of infection is

• Inoculations
• Vitamin supplements
• Chelation
• Handwashing

The hip/coxal joint is known by this anatomical name:

A massage movement used to link to other movements?

• Petrissage
• Tapotement
• Effleurage
• Vibrations

What muscles perform lateral rotation of the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint)? An asterisk (*) denotes muscles that assist in the movement.

• Vastus lateralis, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gracilis, sartorius, popliteus*.
• Vastus lateralis.
• Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gracilis, sartorius, popliteus*.
• Biceps femoris.
• Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gracilis, sartorius, popliteus*.

Which movement would you omit for a relaxing massage?

• Hacking
• Effleurage
• Petrissage
• Frictions

What is the term used to describe a cancerous tumor?

• Acute
• Malignant
• Benign
• Chronic

Trigger points in _____ refer pain primarily upward to the gluteal fold. The secondary pattern is downward to the posterior thigh and back of the knee, and occasionally further down into the calf.

• Biceps femoris.
• Gluteus maximus.
• Gluteus minimus.
• Piriformis.
• Semitendinosus/semimembranosus.

Accupressure, shiatsu, polarity and reflexology are examples of:

• Energetic manipulation
• Behavioral barometer
• Rective circuits
• Systematic massage

When massaging the lateral head of the fibula. of which structure should you be careful?

• Popliteal endangerment site
• Peroneal nerve
• Tibial nerve
• Femoral nerve

Effleurage is a stroking movement.

• True
• False

According to traditional Ayurveda, what is a word that means "that which changes all, is constantly moving in dynamic balance, one with the others"?

• Dosha
• Ki
• Amma
• Quantum physics

According to the text, here in the United States, people are beginning to .....

• Look for more potent medications.
• Look for a better way than drugs.
• Seek out processed and synthetic foods.

The spreading of cancerous cells to other parts of the body is called

• Pathogenic
• Metastasis
• Microbic
• Benign

What term is used to describe a quality of energy in a tsubo that feels empty or depleted, Yin, soft, and cold and where your pressure is welcomed or accepted?

• Jitsu
• Ashi
• Cun
• Kyo

Origin: infraspinous fossa of the scapulaInsertion: greater tubercle of the humerusAction: laterally rotates the shoulder

• Teres minor
• Subscapularis
• Infraspinatus
• Coracobrachialis

In which directions do the yin merdians flow?

• Superior to inferior
• Inferior to superior
• Lateral to medial
• Medial to lateral

Which is the correct layout for the stones.

• There is no correct layout
• Leave them how you found them
• 6 rows of 4 stones and 2 face stones
• 4 rows of 6 stones and 2 face stones

What is the insertion of the brachiradialis?

• Styloid process of radius
• Lateral epicondyle of humerus
• Medial epicondyle of humerus
• Styloid process of ulna

Who is the Dutch physician who promoted Swedish massage using the western medical model and is given credit for introducing and popularizing the use of French terminology into the profession?

• Pehr Ling
• William Harvey
• Johann Mezger
• John Kellog

What is the structural classification of the proximal radioulnar joint?

• Hinge
• Pivot
• Condyloid
• Saddle

Give the action of gracilis:

• Adduction of the hip (coxal joint), medial rotation of the hip (coxal joint), assist to flex the hip (coxal joint).
• Flexion of the hip (coxal joint), lateral rotation of the hip (coxal joint), abduction of the hip (coxal joint), flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint), medial rotation of the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint).
• Flexion of the hip (coxal joint), lateral rotation of the hip (coxal joint), abduction of the hip (coxal joint).
• Adduction of the hip (coxal joint), medial rotation of the hip (coxal joint), flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint), medial rotation of the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint).
• Adduction of the hip (coxal joint), medial rotation of the hip (coxal joint), assist to flex the hip (coxal joint), extension of the hip (coxal joint).

The application of cycles of rhythmic lifting, squeezing, and releasing of tissue, working parallel to the muscle fibers, is known as

• Tapotement
• Effleurage
• Friction
• Petrissage

Which of the following is a trigger point that is located at musculotendinous junctions?

• Golgi
• Periosteal
• Central
• Attachment

Trigger points in anterior fibers of _____ refer to the lateral aspect of the buttock, thigh, and knee, and all the way down the leg to the ankle. The referral pattern for the posterior fibers is similar and projects pain over the medial aspect of the buttock and down the back of the thigh and calf.

• Gluteus medius.
• Gluteus maximus.
• Gluteus minimus.
• Tensor fasciae latae.
• Semitendinosus/semimembranosus.

Vibration is

• Circular rubbing to tighten the body
• Keeping the body still
• Shaking movements to tighten the body
• Shaking movements to loosen the body

What is the name for external application of heat for therapeutic purposes?

• Cryotherapy
• Thermotherapy
• Heliotherapy
• Balneotherapy

The hamstring muscles, from medial to lateral, are

• Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimebranosis
• Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris
• Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, rectus femoris
• Semimembranosis, semitendinosus, biceps femoris

Effleurage is used in the beginning of all movements and is used to soothe the______ , inducing relaxation.

• Nervous
• Joints

Which of the following best describes what may not be felt until 8 to 14 hours later, reaching a peak 48 hours after activity?

• Creatine activity
• Ischemia
• Immediate muscle soreness
• Delayed-onset muscle soreness

Cross-fiber massage must be applied in which direction to the fibers?

• Horizontally
• At right angles
• Triangularly
• Trapezoidally

Trigger points in _____ may refer pain to the hip and down the thigh. In some cases, pain is reported as far down as the knee. Another affected area is the region around the greater trochanter, where symptoms can mimic a condition known as "trochanter bursitis".

• Piriformis.
• Gluteus minimus.
• Biceps femoris.
• Semitendinosus/semimembranosus.
• Tensor fasciae latae.

The sensual bond to another that involves choice, mutuality, reciprocity, trust and delight is

• Transference
• Scope of practice
• Integrity
• Intimacy

Origins: linea aspera (lateral lip), gluteal tuberosityInsertions: tibial tuberosityAction: extends the knee

• Gluteus medius
• Vastus lateralis
• Adductor magnus
• Piriformis

What is one of the most potent techniques in hydrotherapy?

• Steam bath
• Vapor bath
• Hot pack
• Contrast method

Which muscles shares a common attachment?

• Biceps brachii, brachiradialis, coracobrachialis
• Coracobrachialis, brachioradialis, pectoralis minor
• Pectoralis minor, coracobrachalis, brachiradialis
• Biceps brachii, coracobrachilis, pectoralis minor

Petrissage is considered to be the most important movement in massage and in Petrissage the muscles and other tissues are:- (Select Two)

Which muscle would be paralyzed if the sciatic nerve were severed?

• Trapezius
• Biceps Femoris
• Gluteus maximus
• Erector Spinae

A flexible tube that is inserted and sewn into a large vein (usually the right subclavian vein in the upper chest) and left in place for an extended period is a(n)

• Central venous catheter
• Intravenous catheter
• Subcutaneous catheter
• Vascular catheter

Which of the following best describes a state of exhaustion or a loss of strength or endurance such as that felt after strenuous physical activity?

• Muscle weakness
• Muscle fatigue
• Muscle tetany
• Muscle sorbet

What is an injury that begins abruptly, usually has a recognizable cause, and is characterized by severe symptoms such as pain, swelling, tissue damage, and loss of function?

• Chronic
• Latent
• Acute
• Overt

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerusInsertion: palmar aponeurosisActions: flexes the wrist; cups (tenses) the palm

• Palmaris longus
• Flexor digitorum superficialis
• Triceps brachaii
• Pronator teres

Which receptors are often called the "cold receptors"?

• Pacinian corpuscles
• Ruffini end organs
• Krause end bulbs
• Meissner's corpuscles

We try to keep a 50/50 ratio with manual massage and hot stone massage.

• True
• False

There are places in the world today....

• Where illness and depression are relatively unknown.
• Where obesity, high blood pressure and diabetes don't exist.
• Both A & B.

The ilioposas flesxes the hip because of its insertion on the ____________.

• Femur
• Greater trochanter
• Lesser trochanter
• Iliac Crest

Which type of cancer arises from epithelial tissue?

• Sarcoma
• Lymphoma
• Carcinoma
• Melanoma

If a more intimate relationship is desired by the therapist and client, NCBTMB recommends discontinuing the client-therapist relationship for

• Six weeks before the new relationship is initiated
• Six months before the new relationship is initiated
• Two years before the new relationship is initiated
• An intimate relationship that springs from a therapeutic relationship is not recommended

Repetitive staccato striking movements of the hands, moving either simultaneously or alternately, is called

• Petrissage
• Vibration
• Tapotement
• Effleurage

This muscle is sometimes known as the "sciatica mimicker":

• gluteus minimus

Friction movements produce what on the skin?

• Tension
• Bruising
• Whitening
• Heat

Which of the methods below is NOT mentioned as a means of determining an essential oil's quality?

• Checking the type of container it is stored in.
• Rubbing it on your skin.
• Looking for the Latin botanical name on the bottle.

If a physician refers a client to a massage therapist, the therapist must honor

• The therapist's code of ethics
• This scenario voids any code of ethics
• The physician's code of ethics
• It creates a totally new code of ethics

Friction is a firm movement, obviously more forcible than the stroke movement of effleurage.

• True
• False

Which of the following is a skin-scraping technique to help expel excess heat or remove energy stagnation?

• Cupping
• Moxibustion
• Gua-Sha
• Tai Ji

What muscles perform medial rotation of the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint)? An asterisk (*) denotes muscles that assist in the movement.

• Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gracilis, sartorius, popliteus*.
• Biceps femoris.
• Semitendinosus, semimembranosus.
• Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gracilis, sartorius, popliteus*.
• Vastus medialis, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gracilis, sartorius, popliteus*.

Which of the following is true?

• Antagonists always eccentrically contract.
• Antagonists always shorten.
• Antagonists always lengthen.
• Antagonists always work against gravity.

What is a synonym for malpractice insurance?

• Business activity
• Professional liability
• Disability
• Term life

Check all of the boxes that are true statements.

Smells are interpreted by....

• Olfaction in the nasal cavity.
• The epithelium cells in the nose.
• The limbic portion of the brain.

Which of the three doshas is made up of the elements fire and water?

• Vata
• Pitta
• Kapha
• Prana

According to Dr. David Simons, what percentage of trigger points refer pain distally from the site of the trigger point when pressure is applied?

• 27%
• 73%
• 50%
• 100%

Give the insertion(s) for gluteus medius:

Which statement best describes the variants used in the essential oil distilling process?

• Amount of steam pressure, time allotted for distillation and the temperature.
• Amount of steam pressure and where the plant was grown.
• Amount of steam pressure and when the plant was harvested.

Give the action of pectineus:

• Adduction of the hip (coxal joint), medial rotation of the hip (coxal joint), assist to flex the hip (coxal joint), extension of the hip (coxal joint).
• Adduction of the hip (coxal joint), medial rotation of the hip (coxal joint), flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint), medial rotation of the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint).
• Adduction of the hip (coxal joint), medial rotation of the hip (coxal joint), assist to flex the hip (coxal joint).
• Flexion of the hip (coxal joint), lateral rotation of the hip (coxal joint), abduction of the hip (coxal joint).
• Flexion of the hip (coxal joint), lateral rotation of the hip (coxal joint), abduction of the hip (coxal joint), flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint), medial rotation of the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint).

Finding out the exact botanical name of the plant from which an oil came is important because.....

• Different species have different therapeutic uses.
• If you see the name on the bottle it can help confirm the quality of the oil.
• Both A & B.

Which one of the following is true?

• Antagonists always eccentrically contract.
• Antagonists always shorten.
• Antagonists always lengthen.
• Antagonists always work against gravity.

Give the action of adductor longus:

• Flexion of the hip (coxal joint), lateral rotation of the hip (coxal joint), abduction of the hip (coxal joint), flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint), medial rotation of the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint).
• Flexion of the hip (coxal joint), lateral rotation of the hip (coxal joint), abduction of the hip (coxal joint).
• Adduction of the hip (coxal joint), medial rotation of the hip (coxal joint), flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint), medial rotation of the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint).
• Adduction of the hip (coxal joint), medial rotation of the hip (coxal joint), assist to flex the hip (coxal joint), extension of the hip (coxal joint).
• Adduction of the hip (coxal joint), medial rotation of the hip (coxal joint), assist to flex the hip (coxal joint).

Which of the following actions does a functional group of muscles located within the sagittal plane have?

• Flexion or extension
• Abduction or adduction
• Medial rotation or lateral rotation
• Right lateral flexion or left lateral flexion

Movements applied by the therapist while the client remains relaxed are

• Active movements
• Active resisted movements
• Active assisted movements
• Passive movements

Give the actions of sartorius:

• Flexion of the hip (coxal joint), lateral rotation of the hip (coxal joint), abduction of the hip (coxal joint).
• Adduction of the hip (coxal joint), medial rotation of the hip (coxal joint), flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint), medial rotation of the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint).
• Flexion of the hip (coxal joint), lateral rotation of the hip (coxal joint), abduction of the hip (coxal joint), flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint), medial rotation of the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint).
• Adduction of the hip (coxal joint), medial rotation of the hip (coxal joint), assist to flex the hip (coxal joint), extension of the hip (coxal joint).
• Extension of the hip (coxal joint), medial rotation of the hip (coxal joint), adduction of the hip (coxal joint), extension of the knee (tibiofemoral joint), lateral rotation of the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint).

What muscle shares an attachment with the deltoids?

• Levator scapula
• Biceps brachialis
• Trapezius
• Supraspinatis

Give the insertion of adductor brevis:

• Medial lip of linea aspera and adductor tubercle.
• Medial lip of linea aspera.
• Pectineal line of femur.
• Proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon.
• Pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera.

What is a reflexive impulse that causes the affected muscle or adjacent muscle to fire spontaneously?

• Jump sign
• Referred pain phenomena
• Reflexive response
• Local twitch response

When a person is in a horizontal position while lying face downward, this position is called

• Prone
• Fowler's
• Trendelenburg
• Supine

After a massage session, it is important to...

• Make sure the client pays their bill.
• Prepare the room for the next massage.
• Get feedback from the client about how they feel.

Which of the following Japanese bodywork therapies uses pressure on the surface of the skin along energy channels called meridians to regain and maintain a harmonic flow of energy throughout the body/mind/spirit?

• Shiatsu
• Java
• Qigong
• Acupuncture

What muscle is not part of the rotator cuff?

• Supraspinatus
• Infraspinatus
• Teres Major
• Teres Minor

Petrissage is __________ type of massage movement.

• Circular
• Kneading
• Rubbing
• None of these

Where do you keep the temperature indicator in the heating element?

• On the left side
• On the right side
• In the front
• In the middle

The flexor digitorum superficialis contracts and flexion of the fingers is the only action that occurs; and the extensor carpi radialis brevis contracts as a fixator during this joint action. What is the purpose of the extensor carpi radialis brevis in this scenario?

• To create flexion of the hand at the wrist joint
• To prevent flexion of the hand at the wrist joint
• To create extension of the hand at the wrist joint
• To prevent extension of the hand at the wrist joint

Which muscles are adductors?

• Pectoralis and deltoid
• Pectoralis and latissimus dorsi
• Deltoid and latissimus dorsi
• Biceps and deltoid

According to the text, a carrier oil....

• Helps dilute the oil for your client's skin.
• Is best used in conjunction with a lotion.
• Should be blended with many drops of an essential oil.

Give the insertion of gracilis:

• Pectineal line of femur.
• Proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon.
• Pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera.
• Medial lip of linea aspera and adductor tubercle.
• Medial lip of linea aspera.

The layout of the stones in the heating element should always remain consistent.

• True
• False

Give the origin of sartorius:

• Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon.
• Anterior inferior iliac spine.
• Posterior superior iliac spine.
• Anterior superior iliac spine.
• Inferior ramus of the pubis.

When massaging the thigh in the supine position, which muscle is involved?

• Hamstring
• Quadriceps
• Gluteal
• Gastrocnemius

What muscles perform flexion of the hip (coxal joint)? An asterisk (*) denotes muscles that assist in the movement.

• Rectus femoris, gluteus medius (anterior fibers), gluteus minimus, tensor fasciae latae, sartorius, psoas major, iliacus.
• Rectus femoris, vastus intermedius*, gluteus medius (anterior fibers), gluteus minimus, adductor magnus*, adductor longus*, adductor brevis*, pectineus*, tensor fasciae latae, sartorius, psoas major, iliacus.
• Rectus femoris, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, adductor magnus*, adductor longus*, adductor brevis*, pectineus*, tensor fasciae latae, sartorius, psoas major, iliacus.
• Rectus femoris, vastus intermedius*, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis.
• Rectus femoris, gluteus medius (anterior fibers), gluteus minimus, adductor magnus*, adductor longus*, adductor brevis*, pectineus*, tensor fasciae latae, sartorius, psoas major, iliacus.

Relative to the mover force, what is the resistance force?

• A synergistic force
• An antagonistic force
• A support force
• A neutralizer force

Injuries related to inefficient biomechanics; a constant motion, combined with compressive forces, causing injury to soft tissues are referred to as

• Congenital injuries
• Deficiency injuries
• Acute injuries
• Repetitive motion injuries

Where does the sacrotuberous ligament run?

• Between the edge of the sacrum and the iliac tuberosity.
• Between the pubic tubercle and the edge of the sacrum.
• Between the edge of the sacrum and the iscial tuberosity.
• Between the pubic tubercle and the anterior superior iliac spine.
• Between the base of the sacrum and the posterior superior iliac spine.

When opening a massage business, helpful resourses include:

• Chamber of Commerce
• Accountant
• Small Business Administration
• All of the above

What muscles perform extension of the hip (coxal joint)? An asterisk (*) denotes muscles that assist in the movement.

• Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gluteus maximus (all fibers), gluteus medius, adductor magnus.
• Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gluteus maximus (all fibers), gluteus medius (posterior fibers), adductor magnus (posterior fibers).
• Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gracilis, sartorius, gastrocnemius, popliteus, plantaris (weak)*.
• Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gluteus maximus (posterior fibers), gluteus medius (posterior fibers), adductor magnus (posterior fibers), piriformis (when the hip is flexed)*.
• Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gluteus maximus (posterior fibers).

Active movements performed by the client while the therapist assist throughout the range of motion or stretch are called

• Active assisted movements
• Active resisted movements
• Passive movements
• Active movements

Which of the following is NOT indicated for massage?

• Apnea
• Hemophilia
• Lordosis
• Jaundice

Who is regarded as the Father of Hydrotherapy?

• Per Ling
• Father Sebastian Kneipp
• Hippocrates
• Jeffery Epsom

Origin: inferior border of the rib (above)Insertion: superior border of rib (below)Actions: elevates the rib cage during inhalation, maintains intercostal spaces

• External intercostals
• Diaphragm
• Pectoralis major
• Internal intercostals

A disease that has a specific beginning, signs, and symptoms that develop quickly, lasts a short time and then disappears is which of the following?

• Acute disease
• Chronic disease
• Long-term illness
• Short-term illness

Give the action of adductor brevis:

• Adduction of the hip (coxal joint), medial rotation of the hip (coxal joint), assist to flex the hip (coxal joint), extension of the hip (coxal joint).
• Adduction of the hip (coxal joint), medial rotation of the hip (coxal joint), flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint), medial rotation of the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint).
• Adduction of the hip (coxal joint), medial rotation of the hip (coxal joint), assist to flex the hip (coxal joint).
• Flexion of the hip (coxal joint), lateral rotation of the hip (coxal joint), abduction of the hip (coxal joint), flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint), medial rotation of the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint).
• Flexion of the hip (coxal joint), lateral rotation of the hip (coxal joint), abduction of the hip (coxal joint).

Friction, percussion, and vibration are techniques that

• Stimulate
• Relax
• Strengthen
• Weaken

What direction is the direction in which pressure should be applied when working on the extremities?

• In a spiral
• Centripetally
• Laterally
• Centrifugally

What is the origin of the teres major?

• Medial border of scapula
• Lateral border of scapula
• Lesser tubercle
• Greater tubercle

In which of these joints is movement absent or extremely limited?

• Synarthrotic
• Diarthrotic
• Amphiarthrotic
• Biarthrotic

Trigger points in _____ refer pain locally in the buttock region. TPs are located in the superior medial portion of the muscle, the lower mid-portion overlying the posterior surface of the ischial tuberosity, and the most medial inferior portion.

• Gluteus medius.
• Gluteus maximus.
• Gluteus minimus.
• Tensor fasciae latae.
• Semitendinosus/semimembranosus.

Give the actions of piriformis:

• Medially rotate the hip (coxal joint). Abduct the hip when the hip is flexed.
• Medially rotate the hip (coxal joint). Adduct the hip when the hip is flexed.
• Laterally rotate the hip (coxal joint). Adduct the hip.
• Laterally rotate the hip (coxal joint). Abduct the hip when the hip is flexed.
• Medially rotate the hip (coxal joint).

What is the ideal temperature range for the hot stones?

• 90-100
• 100-110
• 110-120
• 120-130

The only joint where the axial skeleton articulates with the appedicular skeleton is:

• Sternoclavicular
• Glenohumeral
• Sternoscapular
• Scapularclavicular

What 2 muscles can entrap the sciatic nerve?

A very precise and penetrating form of friction, popularized by Dr. James Cyriax of London, in which the direction of movement is across and perpendicular to the pattern of muscle fibers is known as

• Myofascial release
• Cross fiber friction
• British friction
• Rolling

Petrissage is a deep movement and is used by utilising the thumb and the index finger, or the palms of both hands, and is used mainly on the ______ muscles which biceps and triceps.

• Large
• Short
• Back

Postural stabilization muscles tend to be

• Larger and deeper
• Smaller and superficial
• Larger and superficial
• Smaller and deeper

When a client's physical body "remembers" a past traumatic event, these repressed memories may come to the conscious mind through the mechanism of

• Recidivism
• State Dependent memory
• Reversion
• Dissociation

Give the origin of adductor magnus:

• Pubic tubercle.
• Inferior ramus of pubis.
• Superior ramus of pubis.
• Inferior ramus of pubis and ramus of ischium.
• Inferior ramus of the pubis, ramus of ischium and ischial tuberosity.

Massage is contraindicated for which of the following conditions?

• High blood pressure
• Constipation
• Keloid Scar
• Adhesions

Unintentional physical or emotional harm sustained by the client resulting from lack of knowledge or insensitivity on the therapist's behalf is

• Right of refusal
• Client Neglect
• Coutertransference
• Client abuse

Inhaling essential oils....

• Can damage your nasal cavity.
• Has been shown to stimulate the secretion of antibodies.
• Has been proven to have a minimal affect on hormones.

Which of the following is locally indicated for massage?

• Gastritis
• Bunion
• Colitis
• Wart

Rapid shaking, quivering, trembling, or rocking movements applied with the fingertips, full hand, or an appliance is known as

• Petrissage
• Vibration
• Tapotement
• Friction

Give the insertion of sartorius:

• Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon.
• Iliotibial tract.
• Medial lip of linea aspera.
• Medial lip of linea aspera and adductor tubercle.
• Pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera.

What type of glove material is recommended for use with oil-based massage lubricants?

• Latex
• Vinyl
• Silicone
• Gore-tex

One of the principles of massage especially for relaxation is focused rhythmic application in a quiet environment. Music may be part of the physiologic influence. What physical phenomenon is involved?

• Chakras
• Entrainment
• Epidemiology
• Assessment

What would be the best self-care treatment plan for a client with acute bursitis in the shoulder?

• Heat with flare-ups
• Isotonic exercise
• Remain active
• Rest from activity and ice

The ancient "center of gravity" located an inch or two below and behind the navel is called

• Dan tien
• Tsubo center
• Third eye
• Chakra

The definition of "Aromatherapy" is:

• The use of perfumes on the skin to smell better.
• The therapeutic use of fragrances to promote physical and psychological wellbeing.
• The treatment of a disease or disorder.

What is a synonym for a business license?

• Industrial License
• Work permit
• Retail License
• Occupational License

A biological agent capable of causing disease is

• Flagellum
• Carcinogen
• Pathogen
• Ameba

Good bookkeeping for healing arts professionals can

• Eliminate tracking sheets
• Decrease bank statements
• Increase petty cash funds
• Increase legitimate tax dedctions

What principle describes the fact that the pectoralis major can adduct the arm at the shoulder joint when the arm is in anatomic position but abduct the arm if it is already abducted above 100 degrees?

• The muscle is stronger above 100 degrees.
• The all-or-none response law occurs.
• The line of pull of the muscle relative to the joint changed.
• The sliding filament mechanism occurs.

Blood pressure generally decreases during massage because

• The heart pumps less blood
• Venous flow is impeded
• Vasoconstriction occurs in blood vessels
• Vasodilation occurs in the blood vessels

What must always be done before you apply the heated stone to any part of the body?

• General massage to the area
• Make sure you have applied gel to the area
• Introductory stroke
• Double check your temperature

Which of the following is indicated for massage?

• Fever
• Measles
• Pericarditis
• Gastritis

What name may be give to a muscle that acts on the thumb?

• Hollucis
• Longus
• Pollicis
• Brevis

A Turkish shampoo concludes with which of the following?

• Hot pail pour
• Cool pail pour
• Tepid pail pour
• Cold pail pour

Which rotator cuff muscle is positioned anterior on the scapula?

• Supraspinatus
• Infraspinatus
• Teres Minor
• Subscapularis

Which of the following defines a business' accounts payable, payments owed on business loans within one year, accrued expenses such as salaries, wages, and commisions owed, and unpaid taxes?

• Existing liabilities
• Long-term liabilities
• Current liabilities
• Present liabilities

What is the term used to describe the section of intestinal wall that is attached to the abdominal wall after an ileostomy or a colostomy?

• Stent
• Lumen
• Papilla
• Stoma

The effects of massage are _______. (Tick all that apply)

What is the principal neurotransmitter involved in muscle contraction?

• Dopamine
• Epinephrine
• Acetylcholine
• Catecholamines

_Select all of the correct statements

We should take our time when we detach from the client to get new stones.

• True
• False

This is a superficial sheet of fascia with vertical fibers that run along the lateral thigh.

How are fixators and neutralizers similar?

• Both assist the mover by adding to the strength of the joint action
• Both act to cancel out unwanted actions of the muscle that is working
• Both isometrically contract to fix the fixed attachment of the muscle that is working
• Both isometrically contract to stop unwanted actions of the mobile attachment of the muscle that is working

What is the result of a Golgi tendon organ reflex?

• The muscle contracts.
• The muscle relaxes.
• The muscle is facilitated.
• None of these choices is correct.

Considered a light effleurage, this massage stroke is feather-light finger tracing over the skin with the direction of movement always down the body.

• Friction
• Trager
• Nerve stroke
• Petrissage

Which of the following are two variations used in the contrast method?

• Alternate and simultaneous method
• Static and dynamic method
• First aid and rehabilitation method
• Beginner and advanced method

If an essential oil accidentally gets in your eyes, you should first.....

• Rinse your eyes immediately with water.
• Add a base oil such as olive oil or almond oil which will "grab" the essential oil and help to absorb it.
• Rub your eyes with a damp cloth.

The use of essential oils began.....

• Thousands of years ago.
• In 1910 when Jean-Maurice Gattefosse burned his hand.
• During World War II.

Current research shows that essential oils.....

• Are only effective against burns.
• Make excellent hosts for bacteria, virus and fungi.
• Can be immune supporting by being effective against bacteria, virus and fungi.

Which erector spinae muscle is the most medial of the group?

• Spinalis
• Multifidus
• Longisimus
• Iliocostalis

Because the skin is the largest organ in our body.....

• Essential oils can only penetrate a limited number of cells within the body.
• Research has shown that essential oils get in every cell and organ in our body within 21 minutes of application.
• An inferior oil will have little impact on your client.

The production of an essential oil and therefore its quality, can be affected by:

• When it's harvested, where it's grown, altitude, and climate.
• The cost of the plant.
• The size of the plant.

What type of insurance do LMT's but to cover their work in case a client sues?

• Malpractice and life
• Homeowners
• Life
• Liability and malpractice

Which type of product can you use with the stones?

• Massage lotion
• Massage gel
• Massage oil
• None of the above

Recumbent position preferred for pregnancy, for some elderly people, in cases of recent surgeries, as well as for various other conditions is called

• Side-lying position
• Accommodating supine
• Adaptive prone
• Homolateral recumbent

Origin: distal anterior humeral shaftInsertion: ulnar tuberosity, coronoid process of the ulnarAction: flexes the elbow

• Extensor digitorum
• Biceps brachii
• Brachialis
• Pronator teres

The goal of using hot stones is so the therapist does not have to work as hard.

• True
• False

A great way to enhance your relationship with a clien is to.....

• Surprise them by incorporating essential oils into their session without telling them you're going to do it.
• Ask them questions to let them know you care.
• Use a diffuser to mask the odors in the room.

With your client in the supine position, how do you expose the serratus anterior?

• Lateral rotation and adduction of the arm
• Medial rotation and adduction of the arm
• Horizontal abduction of the arm
• Horizontal adduction of the arm

Which condition is present when there is an injury of the ulnar nerve at the elbow?

• Inability to flex fingers fully
• Spasticity
• Flaccidity
• Spasms

Every batch of Young Living Essential Oils .....

• Must meet the AFNOR and ISO European standards for quality.
• Are extracted via a custom-design steam distillery.
• Both A & B.

Tapotement includes many movements which consist of a vibratory nature and include:- (Select Three)

A list of guiding principles by which members of an organization conduct their day-to-day responsibilities within their scope of practice is called

• Code of ethics
• Rules and regulations
• Standards of practice
• Therapist's rights and responsibilities

What muscles perform adduction of the hip (coxal joint)? An asterisk (*) denotes muscles that assist in the movement.

• Adductor magnus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, pectineus, gracilis, psoas major, iliacus.
• Adductor magnus, adductor radialis longus, adductor brevis, pectineus, gracilis psoas major, iliacus, gluteus maximus (lower fibers).
• Adductor magnus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, pectineus, psoas major, iliacus, gluteus maximus (lower fibers).
• Adductor magnus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, pectineus, gracilis, psoas major, iliacus, gluteus maximus (lower fibers).
• Adductor magnus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, pectineus, gracilis, vastus medialis, psoas major, iliacus, gluteus maximus (lower fibers).

Which of the following statements is True?

• The greater number of times a plant is put through the distillation process, the more potent the oil extracted.
• The hotter the temperature used in the distillation process, the better the oil produced.
• Organically grown fruit produces better quality oils due to the absence of pesticides or herbicides.

What are the muscles that comprise the hamstrings group?

• Rectus femoris, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus.
• Rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis.
• Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus.
• Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis.
• Adductor magnus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, pectineus, gracilis.

All of the following dorsiflex the ankle except:

• Tibilalis anterior
• Extensor halluci longus
• Peroneus longus
• Peronues tertius

A ductless gland that secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream is which of the following?

• Exocrine Gland
• Apocrine Gland
• Endocrine Gland
• Epocrine Gland

Regulatory agencies that set standards for the quality of essential oils .......

• Exist in Europe.
• Exist in Europe and the United States.
• Do not exist anywhere.

We do not massage the SCM bilaterally because of the

• Femoral artery
• Common carotid artery
• Peroneal artery
• Tibial artery

The tricuspid valve is found between the

• Right atrium and right ventricle
• Left ventricle and aorta
• Left ventricled and right ventricle
• Right atrium and left atrium

What is the insertion site for levator scapulae?

• Ribs 1-8
• Medial border of the scapula
• Superior angle of the scapula
• C1-C4

Petrissage movements are also known as compression movements.

• True
• False

What muscles perform lateral (external) rotation of the hip (coxal joint)? An asterisk (*) denotes muscles that assist in the movement.

• Biceps femoris, gluteus maximus (lateral fibers), gluteus medius (posterior fibers), sartorius, piriformis, quadratus femoris, obturator internus, obturator externus, gemellus superior, gemellus inferior, psoas major, iliacus.
• Biceps femoris, gluteus maximus (all fibers), gluteus medius (posterior fibers), sartorius, piriformis, quadratus femoris, obturator internus, obturator externus, gemellus superior, gemellus inferior, psoas major, iliacus.
• Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gluteus medius (anterior fibers), gluteus minimus, adductor magnus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, gracilis, pectineus, tensor fasciae latae.
• Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris, gluteus maximus (all fibers), gluteus medius (posterior fibers), sartorius, piriformis, quadratus femoris, obturator internus, obturator externus, gemellus superior, gemellus inferior, psoas major, iliacus.
• Biceps femoris, gluteus maximus (all fibers), sartorius, piriformis, quadratus femoris, obturator internus, obturator externus, gemellus superior, gemellus inferior, psoas major, iliacus.

Give the origin for piriformis:

• Lateral border of iscial tuberosity.
• Ischial spine.
• Superior and inferior rami of pubis.
• Coccyx.
• Anterior surface of the sacrum.

The sequences and directions of Swedish massage strokes are most adapted to which anatomical or physiological situation?

• Muscle attachments
• Subcutaneous adipose tissue
• Autonomic nervous system
• Lymph drainage and venous return

All effleurage movements should be towards the heart, the lower extremities from the toes upwards and from the fingers to the shoulders.

• True
• False

If a client's condition is outside the LMT's scope of practice, the technician should

• Schdule extra sessions
• Refer the client to the proper professional
• Take more training
• Read textbooks

This is the only muscle in the quadriceps femoris group that crosses two joints:

Beating is another descriptive phrase and it can also be referred to as ______ , and it is performed by the hands making a sort of scoop or cup which then strikes the muscles under treatment, using a very rapid movement.

• Cupping
• Striking
• Hacking

What is the most common scenario involving conflicts of interests in a massage therapy practice?

• The therapist selling products
• The therapist having training in more than two modalities
• The therapist working as an independent contractor
• The therapist having his or her own personal telephone line for business calls

Trigger points in _____ are local, hot, and superficial. Referred pain, while felt most strongly and commonly in the thigh, may also reach as far down as the knee.

• Adductor longus/brevis.
• Gracilis.
• Pectineus.
• Adductor magnus.
• Sartorius.

What muscles perform extension of the knee (tibiofemoral joint)? An asterisk (*) denotes muscles that assist in the movement.

• Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gracilis, sartorius, gastrocnemius, popliteus, plantaris (weak)*.
• Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius*.
• Biceps femoris, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius*.
• Biceps femoris, gluteus maximus (all fibers), gluteus medius (posterior fibers), sartorius, piriformis, quadratus femoris, obturator internus, obturator externus, gemellus superior, gemellus inferior, psoas major, iliacus.
• Biceps femoris, rectus femoris, gluteus medius (anterior fibers), gluteus minimus, adductor magnus*, adductor longus*, adductor brevis*, pectineus*, tensor fasciae latae, sartorius, psoas major, iliacus.

You should always check in with the client to make sure the stones are not too hot.

• True
• False

Give the origin(s) for gluteus minimus:

• Inferior ramus of pubis.
• Gluteal surface of the ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines.
• Medial lip of linea aspera and adductor tubercle.
• Pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera.
• Superior ramus of pubis.

You should check in often with the client to see if they need more or less pressure.

• True
• False

A pure essential oil.....

• Is a volatile liquid, extracted from the leaves, bark, flowers, roots or seeds of the plant.
• Is made up of a single compound.
• Is very inexpensive.

Hypercontraction of the pectoralis minor causes rounded shoulders. Which muscle would be weak and overstretched?

• Pectoralis minor
• Rhomboids
• Subclavius
• Levator scapula

Which statement most accuratley describes the meridian system?

• Energy pathway moving randomly through the body
• Energy pathway moving superficially
• Energy pathway that doesn't affect organs
• 12 meridians and 2 vesels are pathways in which energy moves toward the surface of the body, affecting organs

Trigger points in _____ produce a deep aching pain that is felt in the groin, the hip joint, and the upper thigh.

• Sartorius.
• Gracilis.
• Adductor magnus.
• Adductor longus/brevis.
• Pectineus.

By which week in pregnant women can the hormone production of relaxin be sufficient to produce ligament laxity and affect joint stability?

• 10
• 24
• 32
• 38

Massage therapists are in a unique position to positively affect their clients' health and wellbeing because.....

• They may be the first call the client makes when looking for natural approaches to illness and disease.
• They will be sought out to help clients with not only physical symptoms, but also for stress relief.
• Both A & B.

Which is the correct order.

• 3 quick strokes with the hot stone, flip the stone repeat and end with a stroke from the back of your hand.
• 3 quick strokes with the hot stone then a stroke from the back of your hand, flip the stone repeat.
• Start with a stroke from the back of your hand then 3 quick strokes with the hot stone, flip the stone repeat.
• None of the above

Friction is manipulation aimed at loosening hardened ______ around joints and tendons, and it is also good for areas where inflammation has caused an unrequired deposit.

• Tissue
• Skin

There are basic movements in massage therapy:- (Select Three)

Injuries that have a gradual onset or reoccur often are called

• Sprains
• Occupational
• Acute
• Chronic

Effleurage movement may be done with the lightest ______ of the tips of the fingers, or with the whole palm or surface of the hand in different ways, and with various degrees of pressure.

• Touch
• Stroke

Give the insertion of pectineus:

• Medial lip of linea aspera and adductor tubercle.
• Pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera.
• Pectineal line of femur.
• Medial lip of linea aspera.
• Proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon.

What is the reverse action when the brachialis contracts and shortens?

• Flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint
• Flexion of the forearm at the wrist joint
• Flexion of the arm at the elbow joint
• Flexion of the arm at the shoulder joint

What is a general term for acute or chronic skin inflammation characterized by redness, eruptions, edema, scaling, and itching?

• Dermabrasion
• Dermatitis
• Cellulitis
• Cutaneous

A good time to ask for a referral is.....

• When the client is prone and in a relaxed state.
• When they first arrive so you don't forget.
• After the session if you sense they've had a good experience.

If a client is lying horizontally on his or her back, in what position is he or she?

• Side-lying
• Prone
• Anatomical
• Supine

Which is a TRUE statement concerning Golgi tendon apparatus?

• Found in joint capsules
• Detects overall tension in tendon
• Originates in Purkinje fibers
• Activated by vagal reflex

Give the insertion(s) for gluteus minimus:

• Anterior border of the greater trochanter of the femur.
• Iliotibial tract.
• Pectineal line of femur.
• Sacrotuberous and sacroiliac ligaments.
• Gluteal tuberosity of femur.

In what order are the following sensations felt by most clients during cold applications?

• Coldness, burning, stinging or aching, numbness
• Burning, stinging or aching, coldness, numbness
• Coldness, numbness, stinging or aching, burning
• Numbness, coldness, burning, stinging or aching

Effleurage is a massage movement that is applied in a heavy-tapping manner.

• True
• False

What type of muscle contraction is usually involved with stabilization?

• Concentric
• Eccentric
• Isometric
• Negative

A hyperirritible spot that is painful when compressed is called a (an)

• Trigger Point
• Pain point
• Ampule
• Rolfing

A client has a sprain of the calcaneofibular ligament. It is a grade two sprain in the subacute healing phase. The main injury force was tension. Which of the following is contraindicated?

• Lymphatic drain to manage edema
• Manage protective spasm
• Invert the foot and stretch
• Gentle range of motion in the midrange

Which of the following best describes petrissage?

• Rubbing one surface over another; skin over skin or skin over underlying structures
• Cycles of rhythmic lifting, squeezing, and releasing of tissue, working parallel to the muscle fibers
• Rapid shaking, quivering, trembling or rocking movements
• Gliding movements that are repeated and follow the contour of the body

Which of the following chakras corresponds to the element of water?

• Root
• Sacral
• Heart
• Brow

The attempt to bring the stucture of the body into alighnment around a central axis is called

• Structural integration
• Trauma
• Alignment
• Adjustment

What is the concept of energy called in India?

• Ki
• Chi
• Prana
• Ether

What do you spray the stones with throughout the day?

• Soap
• Bleach
• Tea tree oil
• Any of the above will work

One of the many benefits of diffusing essential oils during a massage therapy session is.....

• That it actually alters the chemical structure of molecules that could be creating odors.
• That it opens the skin's pores allowing the oil to saturate the body's cells.
• That is "masks" the odors in the room.

The larynx is vibrated by a thumb and finger being placed on either side of the Thyroid cartilage.

• True
• False

Give the origin of gracilis:

• Inferior ramus of pubis and ramus of ischium.
• Inferior ramus of the pubis, ramus of ischium and ischial tuberosity.
• Pubic tubercle.
• Inferior ramus of pubis.
• Superior ramus of pubis.

What is a synonym for premise liability?

• Professional liability
• Business life
• Business activity
• General liability

Which of the following are muscles in the adductor group?

What muscles perform medial (internal) rotation of the hip (coxal joint)? An asterisk (*) denotes muscles that assist in the movement.

• Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gluteus medius (anterior fibers), gluteus minimus, adductor magnus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, gracilis, pectineus, tensor fasciae latae.
• Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris, gluteus medius (anterior fibers), gluteus minimus, adductor magnus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, gracilis, pectineus, tensor fasciae latae.
• Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gluteus minimus, adductor magnus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, gracilis, pectineus, tensor fasciae latae.
• Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gluteus medius (anterior fibers), gluteus minimus.
• Semitendinosus, gluteus medius (anterior fibers), gluteus minimus, adductor magnus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, gracilis, pectineus, tensor fasciae latae.

Which of the following actions does a functional group of muscles located within the transverse plane have?

• Flexion or extension
• Right rotation or left rotation
• Abduction or adduction
• Right lateral flexion or left lateral flexion

Origin: infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, posterior proximal humeral shaft, posterior distal humeral shaftInsertion: olecranon processAction: extend the elbow, extends and adducts the shoulder

• Brachioradialis
• Anterior deltoid
• Triceps brachii
• Rectus femoris

According to Ayurveda, what is the term used to denote a person's constitution?

• Dhatus
• Mala
• Prakriti
• Chakra

During massage application, while kneading the tissue, the massage practitioner notices that the pliability increases. The client is pleased with the increase in flexibility. Which of the following best describes this benefit?

• The piezoelectric property of the nervous system
• The interralationship of prana with Qi
• The thixotropic nature of ground substance
• The activation of mast cells

Origin: temporal fossaInsertion: coronoid process of the mandibleActions: elevates and retracts the mandible

• Masseter
• Temporalis
• Scalenus anterior
• Anconeus

Referred pain in _____ is often felt as low back pain. Referral zones are along the posterior crest of the ilium, and may involve the sacrum and the buttock. Pain may extend to the upper thigh.

• Gluteus medius.
• Gluteus maximus.
• Gluteus minimus.
• Tensor fasciae latae.
• Semitendinosus/semimembranosus.

What term best describes touching with purpose and intent?

• Gait
• Topography
• Palpation
• Resolution

For the distal attachment of a muscle to move more efficiently, the proximal attachment must

• Move freely
• Be fixed
• Become hypermobile
• All the above choices are true.

Pyloric sphincter allows transport of what substance?

• Chyme
• Bile
• Lymph
• Feces